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- Capital: Mexico City
- Area: 1,972,550 sq km
- Population: 129.1 million
- Languages: Spanish, also Nahuatl, Yucatec Maya, Zapotec, Mixtec, Mayo, Yaqui, Tzeltal, Tzotzil, Chol, Totonac and others
Regions
| Aguascaliente Baja | California Nortes | Baja California Sur |
| Campeche | Chiapas | Chihuahua |
| Coahuila | Colima | Durango |
| Guanajuato | Guerrero | Hidalgo |
| Jalisco | México | Mexico City |
| Michoacán | Morelos | Navarre |
| Nuevo León | Oaxaca | Puebla |
| Querétaro | Quintana Roo | San Luis Potosí |
| Sinaloa | Sonora | Tabasco |
| Tamaulipas | Tlaxcala | Veracruz |
| Yucatán | Zacatecas |
| Cities | ||||
| Mexico City | Cancun | Oaxaca | Tijuana | Guadalajara |
Country Overview
Mexico is a vast and diverse country that bridges North and Central America, bordered by the United States to the north, Guatemala and Belize to the south, and flanked by both the Pacific Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico. Its landscapes range from arid deserts and volcanic highlands to tropical rainforests and white sandy beaches. The nation’s geography not only offers striking natural beauty but also influences the rich biodiversity and agricultural traditions that shape daily life.
The country’s culture is a unique blend of indigenous traditions and Spanish colonial influence, reflected in its architecture, festivals, music, and cuisine. Ancient civilisations such as the Maya and Aztec left behind spectacular ruins that remain world-famous attractions today, including Teotihuacan, Chichén Itzá and Palenque. Mexican identity is also strongly expressed through art, from the murals of Diego Rivera to the globally recognised imagery of Frida Kahlo. Modern Mexico thrives on its balance of tradition and progress, where vibrant urban centres coexist alongside rural communities that still retain centuries-old customs.
Mexico plays a vital role in the global economy as a manufacturing hub and a member of international organisations such as the OECD and G20. Tourism is one of its key industries, drawing millions each year to its beaches, historical sites, and lively cities. Despite challenges with inequality and security in some regions, Mexico remains one of the most visited countries in the world, offering travellers both adventure and hospitality in equal measure.
USEFUL INFORMATION
Currency & banking
💵 Currency Overview
Mexico’s currency is the Mexican Peso (MXN), symbolised as $ and divided into 100 centavos. It is one of the most traded currencies in Latin America and widely used across the country, from bustling city centres to remote rural markets. The peso fluctuates against major world currencies such as the US dollar, euro, and pound sterling, so tourists are advised to check rates before travelling.
💵 Banknotes and Coins
The peso comes in a variety of denominations. Coins are issued in values of 50 centavos, $1, $2, $5, $10, and $20 pesos, with the larger ones often bi-metallic. Banknotes are colourful and feature important figures from Mexican history such as Benito Juárez, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, and Diego Rivera, alongside cultural imagery like pyramids, ecosystems, and heritage symbols. Notes typically come in $20, $50, $100, $200, $500, and $1,000 pesos, though the larger denominations are less frequently used for everyday purchases.
💱 Currency Exchange
Currency exchange is widely available at airports, hotels, banks, and official exchange offices known as casas de cambio. Exchange rates at airports tend to be less favourable, while city exchange houses and ATMs usually provide better value. US dollars are accepted in some tourist regions, particularly around resorts and border towns, but it is always recommended to pay in pesos to avoid poor exchange rates and confusion. Credit cards are commonly accepted in urban areas, but small towns and markets usually prefer cash.
🏧 Credit Cards and ATMs
Visa and MasterCard are the most widely accepted credit cards, with American Express being less common. Major cities and tourist centres have plenty of ATMs, but in rural areas these may be limited. ATMs generally dispense pesos and give competitive exchange rates compared to exchange bureaus. It is important to use machines attached to reputable banks for security reasons. Many establishments add a surcharge for card payments, so having cash on hand is advisable.
Tipping
🍽️ Tipping in Restaurants
In Mexico, tipping is customary and expected in most service settings. At restaurants, a tip of 10–15% of the bill is standard if service is not already included. Some establishments add a propina (service charge) automatically, so it is worth checking the bill before adding extra.
🏨 Tipping in Hotels
Hotel staff such as porters and housekeeping appreciate small tips. A typical amount is $20–$50 pesos per bag for porters, and $20–$50 pesos per night for housekeeping. Higher-end hotels may expect slightly more.
🚖 Tipping for Taxis
Taxis in Mexico are not usually tipped in the same way as restaurants. Rounding up the fare to the nearest $5 or $10 pesos is appreciated. If you have booked a private taxi service or driver through an app, rounding up or adding 10% is considered polite.
🚌 Tipping Guides and Drivers
Tour guides and drivers depend heavily on tips. For group tours, $50–$100 pesos per person is customary, while private tours may warrant more, often around 10% of the tour price. For drivers, $20–$50 pesos is typical for shorter transfers, with more for longer journeys.
Communications
📶 Public WiFi
Public WiFi is increasingly common in Mexican cities, particularly in plazas, shopping centres, and airports. However, speeds can be slow and connections may not always be secure. Tourists should use VPNs if handling sensitive information online.
🏨 Hotel WiFi
Most hotels provide WiFi, though the quality varies widely. Higher-end hotels usually include fast connections, while budget accommodation may have slower or limited access. It is advisable to ask about coverage, as in some cases WiFi may only work in reception or common areas rather than in rooms.
📱 Mobile Networks and SIM Cards
Mexico has a well-developed mobile network with major providers including Telcel, Movistar, and AT&T. Purchasing a prepaid SIM card is easy and affordable, available at airports, convenience stores, and mobile shops. Tourists can choose packages with data, calls, and texts. Bring an unlocked phone to avoid compatibility issues. Coverage is excellent in cities and towns but can be patchy in rural or mountainous regions.
Getting around
🚇 Getting Around Mexico
✈️ Air Travel
Mexico’s size makes domestic flights popular. Major airlines like Aeroméxico, Volaris, and VivaAerobus link cities across the country, often at reasonable prices if booked in advance.
🚌 Buses
Long-distance buses are a convenient way to travel, with companies such as ADO, ETN, and Primera Plus offering comfortable services, including reclining seats, air conditioning, and on-board toilets.
🚖 Taxis and Ride Apps
Taxis are common but should be booked via authorised stands or apps like Uber, DiDi, or Cabify for safety. Avoid hailing random street taxis, especially in large cities.
🚆 Trains
Mexico has limited passenger train services, though tourist routes such as the El Chepe in Copper Canyon are scenic highlights.
🚗 Car Hire
Car rental is available in most cities and airports. Driving conditions vary; while motorways are generally good, rural roads may be poorly maintained. Insurance is essential.
🚲 Cycling
Cycling is popular in some areas, especially in tourist towns like Tulum or Mexico City where bike rental and dedicated lanes exist.
Health advice
🏥 Health Advice
| Vaccine | Recommendation |
|---|---|
| Hepatitis A | Recommended for most travellers |
| Typhoid | Advised if staying with locals or visiting rural areas |
| Hepatitis B | For long stays or medical exposure |
| Rabies | Consider for rural travel or animal contact |
| Tetanus | Ensure up-to-date |
| COVID-19 | Strongly advised |
🦠 Diseases
Travellers should be aware of mosquito-borne diseases such as dengue, chikungunya, and Zika. Malaria risk is low but present in some regions. Tap water is not safe to drink, so bottled or purified water is essential.
🏥 Healthcare Standards
Healthcare in major cities is of good quality, with private hospitals offering high standards. Rural areas may have limited facilities, so carrying basic medical supplies is useful.
🛡️ Insurance
Travel insurance covering medical care and evacuation is strongly recommended, as costs can be high without coverage.
Safety
🚓 Crime
Crime rates vary by region. While tourist zones are generally safe, petty theft and scams can occur. Be cautious with valuables and avoid isolated areas at night.
⚠️ General Safety
Stick to well-lit areas, use registered taxis, and avoid excessive alcohol in unfamiliar places. Political demonstrations occur occasionally and are best avoided.
📜 Local Laws
Drug offences carry severe penalties. Public intoxication and disorderly behaviour can result in fines or arrest. Carry a copy of your passport for identification.
| Emergency Service | Number |
|---|---|
| Police, Ambulance, Fire | 911 |
| Tourist Assistance Hotline | 078 |
Climate
🌸 Spring (March–May)
Warm and dry in most areas, ideal for sightseeing and festivals.
☀️ Summer (June–August)
Hot with heavy rains in many regions, particularly on the coasts.
🍂 Autumn (September–November)
Pleasant temperatures with fewer crowds. Popular for Día de los Muertos celebrations.
❄️ Winter (December–February)
Cooler in the highlands but warm on the coasts. Peak season for beach resorts.
🎒 Packing Tips
Bring light clothing, sun protection, and comfortable shoes. A light jacket is useful for cooler evenings in highland areas.
📅 Best Time to Visit
The dry season from November to April is considered the most comfortable and reliable for travel.
| Season | Weather | Tourism |
|---|---|---|
| Spring | Warm, dry | Moderate crowds |
| Summer | Hot, rainy | High domestic tourism |
| Autumn | Mild, fewer rains | Lower crowds |
| Winter | Cool highlands, warm coasts | Peak season |
Visa information
📄 Visa Types
Many nationalities, including citizens of the UK, EU, USA, Canada, and Australia, can enter Mexico visa-free for tourism for up to 180 days with a valid passport. For longer stays or other purposes, visas are required.
🔗 Useful Websites
Electrical
In Mexico, the standard voltage for electrical outlets is 127 volts, with a 60 hertz (Hz) frequency. This voltage differs from other countries, such as Europe, Asia, and Australia. However, Europe also varies in frequency (50Hz).
Which power plugs and sockets are used in Mexico?
In Mexico, you’ll come across two common types of electrical outlets: Type A and Type B. These outlets have different plug configurations, so it’s essential to familiarize yourself with them to ensure your devices can be connected properly.
Type A
Type A outlets feature two flat parallel pins. They are similar to the outlets in the United States and Canada. If you’re from one of these countries, your devices with Type A plugs will work seamlessly in Mexican outlets without needing a plug adapter.
Type B
Type B outlets in Mexico consist of two flat parallel pins and an additional round grounding prong. While Type A plugs can be inserted into both Type A and Type B outlets — making them a versatile option for US, Canada, and Mexico devices; Type B plugs can only be used in Type B outlets.
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