Göreme National Park and the Rock Sites of Cappadocia are renowned for their extraordinary landscapes, featuring ancient cave dwellings, rock-cut churches, and fairy chimneys shaped by centuries of natural erosion and human habitation.
Turkey: 3 Week Western Turkey Roadtrip
We began our three-week road trip in Istanbul, spending a few days soaking in the city’s rich history and unique atmosphere. As first-time visitors to Turkey, we found Istanbul’s mix of old and new fascinating—from the grandeur of Hagia Sophia and the Blue Mosque to the lively streets around Galata and Kadıköy. We took our time, enjoyed boat trips on the Bosphorus, and appreciated the variety of food on offer. After a few relaxing days, we collected our hire car and headed out of the city, looking forward to seeing more of the country at our own pace.
The route took us west and south, stopping in places like Gallipoli, Troy, and Pergamon, each offering something different in terms of history and scenery. The roads were in good condition, and we generally found driving to be straightforward. We particularly enjoyed Ephesus, where we spent half a day exploring the ancient ruins, and Pamukkale, with its unique white terraces and thermal waters. Along the way, we stayed in a mix of small hotels and guesthouses—often family-run and very welcoming—which gave us a good sense of everyday life in rural Turkey.
We continued through the Lakes Region, spending a peaceful few days near Egirdir and then heading into the more central plains to visit Sultanhani and Konya. Each stop gave us a chance to slow down, enjoy the views, and learn more about Turkey’s deep cultural roots. We ending the trip back in Istanbul. It was a well-paced journey with plenty of variety—from coastal towns and ancient ruins to mountain villages and vibrant cities. We felt we saw a good slice of western Turkey and would happily recommend the experience to others looking for a mix of culture, history, and natural beauty.
Days 1 to 4: Arrive in Istanbul
We spent three thoroughly enjoyable days exploring the magnificent city of Istanbul, and it was nothing short of enchanting. From the moment we arrived, we were struck by the city’s vibrant blend of East and West — an extraordinary confluence of cultures, history and architecture. Each morning began with a traditional Turkish breakfast overlooking the Bosphorus, a splendid way to start the day. We wandered through the winding streets of Sultanahmet, marvelling at the majesty of the Blue Mosque and the awe-inspiring grandeur of Hagia Sophia, both of which left a lasting impression. The Grand Bazaar was a delightful maze of colours, scents and sounds, and we couldn’t resist a few small purchases, though we avoided the hard sell with polite firmness. An afternoon cruise along the Bosphorus offered stunning views of both the European and Asian sides of the city, quite unlike anything we’ve seen elsewhere. The food was a real highlight: we enjoyed several leisurely meals featuring delicious mezes, fresh seafood, and, of course, baklava with strong Turkish coffee. Though the city buzzed with activity, there was a certain timeless charm in the old neighbourhoods, where one could sit with a çay and simply watch the world go by.
Days 5 to 6: Leave Istanbul for Çanakkale and explore the Gallipoli peninsula
Departing Istanbul was a bittersweet affair, as we had grown rather fond of its lively bustle and the shimmering views across the Bosphorus, but the next leg of our journey beckoned. We made our way to Istanbul Airport (IST) via the metro, which was both efficient and impressively clean — quite the relief compared to some transport systems back home. The route was straightforward enough, with clear signage even for those of us who aren’t as sprightly with technology as the younger lot. Upon arrival at IST, we collected our hire car without too much fuss, and once we’d figured out the satnav and managed to adjust to the slightly more “assertive” local driving style, we were off. The drive to Çanakkale was long but scenic, taking us through rolling hills, olive groves, and the occasional glimpse of the Aegean. We stayed overnight in a modest but charming little hotel near the ferry, grateful for a proper meal and a decent night’s rest. The following day we set off early across the Dardanelles and on to the Gallipoli Peninsula, a deeply moving experience. The war graves were beautifully maintained and haunting in their quiet dignity. Seeing the names of so many young men, many of them not much older than our own grandchildren, made it all feel terribly real. There was a sense of reverence throughout, and we felt quite humbled to walk the same ground where such sacrifice had taken place.
Day 7: Driving to Bergama and visiting the Troy Archaeological site on the way
Driving from Selçuk to Bergama was a rather pleasant journey, taking us just under three hours with a few stops along the way for a coffee and to admire the countryside, which was dotted with olive groves and the occasional herd of goats. The roads were in surprisingly good condition, and although the signage could be a touch confusing at times, we managed well with a decent road atlas and the occasional check on the satnav. Upon arrival in Bergama, we found a modest but comfortable hotel, well situated for exploring the ancient sites the following day. Our visit to Pergamon was nothing short of marvellous. The Acropolis, perched high above the modern town, offered stunning panoramic views and a real sense of the grandeur that once defined this ancient city. The theatre, carved dramatically into the hillside, was particularly impressive and one could almost imagine performances taking place under the open sky. We also visited the Asklepion, once a centre of healing in the classical world, which had a serene atmosphere and fascinating history. The ruins are extensive and remarkably well preserved in parts, with helpful signage and shaded pathways that made exploring manageable despite the July heat. All in all, Bergama proved to be a richly rewarding stop, steeped in antiquity and mercifully free from the crowds that throng some of the better-known archaeological sites.
Day 8: Exploring Bergama – Pergamon
After a hearty breakfast in Çanakkale, we set off on our journey south towards Selçuk, taking a most anticipated detour to explore the legendary ruins of Ancient Troy. The drive was pleasantly scenic, with rolling hills and golden fields stretching in every direction—rather reminiscent of the English countryside, albeit under a warmer, more Mediterranean sun. Arriving at the archaeological site, we were struck by the sense of history that lingers in the air; it’s quite something to stand atop the remnants of a city that has inspired epic tales for millennia. Though the famed wooden horse on display is a modern interpretation, it does add a touch of charm, particularly for those less inclined to delve into the layers of excavation. We wandered the ruins at a leisurely pace, pausing often to read the informative signs and imagine what life might have been like during Homeric times. After a light lunch nearby, we continued on our way to Selçuk, a town known for its proximity to Ephesus and other classical wonders, feeling rather enriched by the day’s historical interlude. The roads were smooth and well-marked, and by late afternoon we arrived comfortably, ready to settle in and prepare for the next leg of our adventure through Turkey’s timeless Aegean region.
Day 9: Drive from Bergama to Selçuk
The drive from Bergama to Selçuk was a rather pleasant one, taking just over two hours along winding roads that meandered through the Aegean countryside, with occasional glimpses of olive groves and the distant shimmer of the sea. It was an easy route to follow, with decent signage and not too much traffic, allowing for a relaxed journey. Upon arriving in Selçuk in the early afternoon, we found it to be a charming and surprisingly quiet town, steeped in layers of history. After a light lunch near the central square, we spent the rest of the day leisurely exploring on foot. The imposing presence of the Basilica of St John was particularly striking, with its weathered columns and commanding views over the town and surrounding hills. We wandered past the old aqueduct, which still cuts a dramatic silhouette against the skyline, and were lucky enough to spot a couple of storks nesting atop its arches. The town has a gentle pace, with friendly locals and a number of well-preserved Ottoman houses tucked along its quieter streets. All in all, it was a delightful afternoon, and a welcome change of tempo after the ruins of Bergama earlier that morning.
Day 10: Exploring Ephesus
We spent the day exploring the ancient city of Ephesus, and what a truly remarkable experience it was. Nestled near the modern town of Selçuk, the ruins span a vast area and are surprisingly well preserved, offering a glimpse into Roman life that exceeded our expectations. We arrived early to avoid the midday sun, which proved a wise decision, as even by mid-morning the heat was rather intense. The marble streets gleamed in the sunlight, and we were immediately struck by the grandeur of the Library of Celsus—its ornate façade still standing proud after centuries. The Great Theatre was another highlight; one could almost hear the echoes of ancient performances carried on the breeze. The scale of everything is quite astounding, from the terraced houses with their intricate mosaics to the Temple of Hadrian and the public latrines, which added a touch of unexpected humour. It’s easy to see why this was once a thriving hub of commerce and culture. We took our time, stopping frequently to admire the craftsmanship and read the informative plaques. While the crowds grew steadily, there was ample space to pause and take it all in. All told, it was a day steeped in history and wonder—one that left us with a deep appreciation for the ingenuity and artistry of ancient civilisations.
Days 11 to 12: Pamukkale and Hierapolis
The drive from Selçuk to Pamukkale was a pleasant journey of around three hours, offering a chance to enjoy the shifting scenery of the Turkish countryside, from fertile plains to more rugged landscapes as we approached Denizli. The roads were in good condition, with clear signage, and traffic was fairly light, making it a relaxed experience overall. Arriving in Pamukkale by late afternoon allowed ample time to settle in and get a feel for the area before the main visit the following day. We made an early start the next morning to visit the terraces, arriving before the crowds and the heat of the day. The travertine formations, gleaming white against the rising sun, were quite a sight to behold—almost otherworldly in their appearance. The pathways allowed for easy walking, though suitable footwear was essential due to the slippery surfaces. After enjoying the terraces at a gentle pace, we made our way up to the ancient city of Hierapolis, which sits just above. The ruins were remarkably well preserved, with highlights including the theatre and the necropolis, and a palpable sense of history throughout. We spent several hours exploring the site, appreciating both the archaeological interest and the views over the valley below. Altogether, it was a thoroughly rewarding visit, combining natural beauty with historical depth, and well worth the time taken to reach it from the Aegean coast.
Day 13: Drive to and overnight in Konya
The drive from Pamukkale to Konya was long but thoroughly enjoyable, offering an ever-changing tapestry of Anatolian countryside that was both tranquil and expansive. We set off in the early morning, taking advantage of the quieter roads, and found the journey to be quite smooth, with the route taking us through gently rolling hills and patchworks of farmland. Small villages appeared from time to time, each with its own character, and we found the occasional roadside café to stretch our legs and enjoy a cup of tea. Upon arriving in Konya, we were immediately struck by its more conservative atmosphere and sense of spiritual significance. Our first stop was the Mevlana Museum, a peaceful and well-kept site that provided a fascinating insight into the life and teachings of Rumi. The architecture was splendid, particularly the turquoise dome, and the exhibits inside were thoughtfully presented. Afterwards, we made our way to Alaeddin Hill, a modest rise in the centre of the city topped by a park and the historic Alaeddin Mosque. The setting was quite serene, with families enjoying the shaded benches and children playing nearby, while the mosque itself, with its ancient Seljuk architecture and tranquil courtyard, offered a quiet moment for reflection. Altogether, the visit gave us a deeper appreciation of Konya’s rich cultural and religious heritage.
Day 14: Visit the tile drive to Cappadocia with stops along the way
Before leaving Konya, we paid a delightful visit to the tile museum in Konya, housed in a beautifully restored former medrese. The collection was quite impressive, with intricately patterned Seljuk and Ottoman tiles that offered a fascinating glimpse into the region’s rich artistic heritage. We particularly appreciated the peaceful atmosphere and the careful curation of the exhibits. After a leisurely stroll around the museum courtyard, we set off towards Cappadocia, looking forward to the dramatic landscapes and cave dwellings we’ve heard so much about.
Our first stop on the journey to Cappadocia was the remarkable UNESCO archaeological site at Çatalhöyük. One of the world’s oldest known settlements, it offered a fascinating glimpse into early human civilisation. The layout of the site, with its interconnected mudbrick dwellings and lack of streets, was quite extraordinary. We found the on-site interpretation centre very informative, providing a real sense of how people lived over 9,000 years ago.
Our final stop before reaching the otherworldly landscapes of Cappadocia was the splendid Sultanhani Caravanserai, a remarkably well-preserved example of Seljuk architecture that truly takes one back in time. Situated along the ancient Silk Road, it was originally built in the 13th century to provide shelter and safety for weary travellers and their animals. Walking through its grand entrance, one is immediately struck by the imposing stone façade and intricate geometric carvings that adorn the portal — a testament to the craftsmanship of that era. Inside, the vast courtyard opens up, flanked by arcaded galleries and a central mosque, creating a tranquil space that echoes with centuries of history. The cool stone interiors, once bustling with merchants, camels and tales from across continents, now stand quiet yet dignified, offering a glimpse into the caravan life of old.
Days 15 to 18: Spend 3 or more days exploring the incredible Cappacdocia region
Before leaving Konya, we paid a delightful visit to the tile museum in Konya, housed in a beautifully restored former medrese. The collection was quite impressive, with intricately patterned Seljuk and Ottoman tiles that offered a fascinating glimpse into the region’s rich artistic heritage. We particularly appreciated the peaceful atmosphere and the careful curation of the exhibits. After a leisurely stroll around the museum courtyard, we set off towards Cappadocia, looking forward to the dramatic landscapes and cave dwellings we’ve heard so much about.
Day 19: Drive to Ankara or Istanbul to fly home
Driving to Ankara or Istanbul to finish your road trip through Turkey is a practical and scenic way to conclude your journey, especially if you’re planning to return home via an international flight from one of the country’s major airports.
🚗 Driving to Ankara
If you’re heading to Ankara, Turkey’s capital, expect well-maintained motorways with clear signposting, particularly along the D300 and O-21 routes from central regions like Sultanhani or Konya. The drive offers glimpses of the Anatolian steppe and rolling hills, making for a peaceful final leg of your trip. Ankara’s Esenboğa Airport is modern and efficient, with both domestic and international connections.
Tip: Allow time for potential traffic entering the city centre, especially during weekday rush hours.
🛣️ Driving to Istanbul
Heading to Istanbul is ideal if you want to cap off your road trip with a few days exploring the city’s iconic landmarks such as the Blue Mosque, Hagia Sophia, and the Grand Bazaar. From central Turkey, you’ll likely follow the O-4 or D100, passing through diverse landscapes—from central plains to forested hills.
Be prepared for heavier traffic as you approach the city, especially around the bridges crossing the Bosphorus. Istanbul Airport (IST) is a major international hub, offering numerous flights to Europe and beyond.
Tip: Use a navigation app with live traffic updates and plan for possible tolls along the motorway (many Turkish highways are tolled via the HGS electronic system).
✈️ Travel Home
Whether departing from Ankara or Istanbul, returning home is straightforward thanks to the excellent transport links. Car hire companies are available at both airports, making drop-off simple. Allow ample time for check-in, particularly if you’re flying internationally.
Final Thought: Ending your Turkish road trip in a major city like Ankara or Istanbul gives you the best of both worlds—convenient travel connections and one last taste of urban culture before heading home.
Driving n Turkey
Driving in Turkey is a fascinating blend of the familiar and the utterly unpredictable. The roads themselves, particularly the major highways and motorways, are in surprisingly good condition—well-maintained and clearly signposted, often in both Turkish and English. It’s when one veers off onto the smaller rural routes, however, that the adventure begins. Winding mountain roads, sharp bends with minimal barriers, and the occasional herd of goats or sleepy tractor create a motoring experience that’s certainly not for the faint-hearted. One must remain alert, as local drivers often adopt a somewhat cavalier attitude towards speed limits and lane discipline. Indicators seem more decorative than functional, and overtaking can be audacious to say the least. That said, there’s an undeniable charm to it all. The stunning coastal views, dramatic inland scenery, and sleepy villages tucked between olive groves make even the most hair-raising detour worth it in the end.
Parking can present another unique challenge. In cities like Istanbul or Izmir, one must be prepared for narrow streets, chaotic junctions, and a general shortage of spaces. Car parks exist, of course, but they’re often hidden down alleyways or beneath shopping centres, and signage can be hit or miss. Fortunately, the locals are usually quite helpful—albeit occasionally via an impromptu bit of shouting and gesturing. Petrol stations are plentiful and often manned, with staff eager to assist, though a few words of Turkish go a long way. Overall, while driving in Turkey may require a degree of patience and a flexible attitude, it opens up parts of the country that would otherwise remain hidden. From ancient ruins tucked behind sleepy hamlets to pristine coves unreachable by bus, there’s a richness and spontaneity to exploring the country by car that no tour itinerary could ever truly replicate
The do’s and dont’s of a roadtrip in Turkey
Driving in Turkey is a fascinating blend of the familiar and the utterly unpredictable. The roads themselves, particularly the major highways and motorways, are in surprisingly good condition—well-maintained and clearly signposted, often in both Turkish and English. It’s when one veers off onto the smaller rural routes, however, that the adventure begins. Winding mountain roads, sharp bends with minimal barriers, and the occasional herd of goats or sleepy tractor create a motoring experience that’s certainly not for the faint-hearted. One must remain alert, as local drivers often adopt a somewhat cavalier attitude towards speed limits and lane discipline. Indicators seem more decorative than functional, and overtaking can be audacious to say the least. That said, there’s an undeniable charm to it all. The stunning coastal views, dramatic inland scenery, and sleepy villages tucked between olive groves make even the most hair-raising detour worth it in the end.
Parking can present another unique challenge. In cities like Istanbul or Izmir, one must be prepared for narrow streets, chaotic junctions, and a general shortage of spaces. Car parks exist, of course, but they’re often hidden down alleyways or beneath shopping centres, and signage can be hit or miss. Fortunately, the locals are usually quite helpful—albeit occasionally via an impromptu bit of shouting and gesturing. Petrol stations are plentiful and often manned, with staff eager to assist, though a few words of Turkish go a long way. Overall, while driving in Turkey may require a degree of patience and a flexible attitude, it opens up parts of the country that would otherwise remain hidden. From ancient ruins tucked behind sleepy hamlets to pristine coves unreachable by bus, there’s a richness and spontaneity to exploring the country by car that no tour itinerary could ever truly replicate
Renting a car in Turkey
Hiring a car in Turkey can be a remarkably straightforward affair, provided you go about it sensibly. There’s no shortage of options, from large international firms with desks at major airports to smaller local outfits with surprisingly competitive rates. Do shop around online before your trip, as booking in advance often secures a better deal and avoids any unpleasant surprises on arrival. Ensure you’re given a car that’s suited to the type of driving you’ll be doing — a small saloon is perfectly fine for coastal roads and towns, but if you’re heading into the hills or more rural regions, something sturdier may be in order. Automatic vehicles are less common, so if you prefer one, best to specify well ahead. And do read the small print: insurance policies vary greatly. Some include very little cover unless you upgrade, and it’s well worth the extra few pounds for peace of mind.
On the other hand, there are a few pitfalls to steer clear of. Don’t blindly accept the first car offered at the counter — always check it over thoroughly for existing dents, scratches or interior damage, and make sure the attendant records them properly. A few quick photos with a timestamp can save you hours of hassle later on. Don’t assume fuel policies are universal; some companies give you a full tank and expect it returned the same, others may operate differently. And do keep an eye on mileage restrictions if any — most don’t impose them, but it’s wise to check. Road assistance details should be noted down clearly, and it’s worth asking for an emergency number in case you break down somewhere off the beaten track. Finally, be cautious of overzealous agents trying to upsell unnecessary extras — GPS units, for instance, are often overpriced and redundant if you’ve brought your mobile and downloaded offline maps.
The best time to visit Turkey
🌸 Spring (March–May) – Best Time to Visit
Weather: Mild and pleasant (15–25°C)
Crowds: Moderate
Highlights: Blooming wildflowers, crisp light for photography
Why Go: Sultanhani is at its most vibrant during spring, with comfortable temperatures perfect for strolling through the caravanserai and surrounding plains without the discomfort of heat.
🌿 Ideal for photographers, history lovers, and walkers seeking a scenic and cultural experience
☀️ Summer (June–August)
Weather: Hot and dry (28–40°C)
Crowds: High
Highlights: Long daylight hours, potential for local cultural festivals
Caution: The midday heat can be intense, and the open landscape offers little shade, making mid-afternoon visits uncomfortable.
🧴 Carry plenty of water, apply sun cream, and wear a wide-brimmed hat
🕶️ Best to explore in the early morning or just before sunset
🍂 Autumn (September–November) – Another Excellent Option
Weather: Cooling down – early autumn (20–30°C), later (10–20°C)
Crowds: Few tourists
Highlights: Golden-hour light, harvest season atmosphere in nearby villages
🍇 Combine your visit with local produce tastings and rural hospitality
📷 Excellent season for photography and peaceful exploration
❄️ Winter (December–February)
Weather: Cold and occasionally wet (5–15°C)
Crowds: Minimal
Highlights: A quiet, contemplative setting among ancient stonework
☔ Limited amenities available – dress warmly and check opening times in advance
🔍 Best suited for those seeking solitude and historical immersion
✅ Summary
| Season | Weather | Crowds | Experience | Verdict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 🌸 Spring | Mild 🌤️ | Moderate | Green landscapes, ideal walking weather | ⭐ Best |
| ☀️ Summer | Very hot 🔥 | Busy | Long days, intense sun | ⚠️ Caution |
| 🍂 Autumn | Cooler 🌥️ | Light | Peaceful, golden light, local harvests | ✅ Great |
| ❄️ Winter | Chilly 🌧️ | Sparse | Quiet, atmospheric, limited facilities | 🎯 Niche |
More to Explore
