Trujillo, a historic town in the heart of Extremadura, Spain, is known for its striking medieval architecture, charming cobbled streets, and panoramic views from its ancient castle, all of which reflect its rich heritage as the birthplace of famed conquistadors and make it a captivating destination for anyone interested in Spanish history and culture.
Spain: Mérida – “the mini-Rome in Spain”
About Mérida
Mérida, located in the Extremadura region of western Spain, is one of the most historically rich cities in the country. It was originally founded by the Romans in 25 BC under the name Emerita Augusta, as a colony for retired soldiers of the Roman army. This strategic settlement quickly became one of the most important cities in the Roman province of Lusitania. Today, many of the ancient structures remain remarkably intact, allowing visitors to step back in time and experience the grandeur of Roman engineering and urban planning. The city’s designation as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1993 highlights the global significance of its archaeological treasures.
The Roman legacy is visible all around Mérida. The city boasts an impressive amphitheatre where gladiators once fought, a large Roman theatre still used for performances today, and a majestic temple dedicated to Diana. There are also remains of a Roman bridge that stretches across the Guadiana River, an extensive aqueduct system, and the well-preserved remains of Roman baths and villas. These ruins are not just relics of the past; they are woven into the city’s layout, with modern life existing harmoniously around them. Walking through Mérida, one can easily imagine the bustle of ancient Roman life in the streets.
Beyond its Roman heritage, Mérida has a rich cultural blend shaped by centuries of different rulers and traditions. After the fall of the Roman Empire, the city came under Visigothic and later Moorish control, each leaving their mark on local architecture and culture. The Visigothic Museum and Moorish Alcazaba fortress offer further insight into these chapters of Mérida’s history. The Christian Reconquista brought further transformation, and many churches and convents from the medieval and Renaissance periods still stand today, adding layers of depth to the city’s historic atmosphere.
Modern-day Mérida is a vibrant cultural hub that celebrates its past while embracing contemporary Spanish life. Each summer, the International Classical Theatre Festival takes place in the Roman theatre, drawing artists and visitors from across Spain and beyond. Local cuisine reflects both traditional Extremaduran flavours and Roman influences, featuring dishes like migas, jamón ibérico, and gazpacho. The city offers a relaxed yet enriching experience, where history, culture, and daily life are beautifully intertwined in a uniquely Spanish setting.
Things to do
Roman Bridge (Puente Romano).
When we arrived in Mérida, it was around mid-morning, and we were lucky enough to find some street parking by the river and close to the town centre. About a five-minute walk from where we parked was the Roman Bridge (Puente Romano).
The Puente Romano in Mérida, Spain, is one of the most remarkable feats of Roman engineering still standing today. Built in the late 1st century BC during the founding of the Roman colony of Augusta Emerita, the bridge spans the Guadiana River and was crucial in establishing Mérida as a key hub in the Roman road network. Originally, it stretched approximately 755 metres with 62 arches; today, it measures 790 metres, including approaches, and rests on 60 arches, three of which are buried on the southern bank. Constructed with a core of Roman concrete (opus caementicium) faced with granite ashlar, the bridge’s piers are designed to withstand the river’s current, being rounded on the upstream side and square on the downstream side.
Throughout its history, the Puente Romano has undergone several restorations due to damage from floods and conflicts. Notably, it was repaired in 483 CE during the Visigothic period and again in 1611 under the reign of Philip III. In 1812, during the Peninsular War, 17 arches were destroyed as a defensive measure against French troops. The bridge remained in use for vehicular traffic until 1991, when it was pedestrianised to preserve its structure.
Alcazaba (Moorish Castle)
Right next to the Roman Bridge is the Alcazaba (Moorish Castle). This is one of the sites you have to pay to get into. They did offer a discount for people over 65, but only if you came from a country within the EU, which Karen thought was a bit mean. The man in the ticket office was not very friendly, so we soon gave up pushing him for the discount. In the end, we bought combo tickets as we planned to visit some of the other sites in the city.
The Alcazaba of Mérida is a Moorish fortress built in the 9th century, right next to the Roman bridge over the Guadiana River. It was constructed by the Muslims during their rule in Spain to help control access to the city and protect it from attacks. The thick stone walls, square towers, and massive courtyard give a strong sense of how defensive structures were designed at the time. You can still see remains of Roman and Visigothic buildings that were reused in the castle’s construction, showing how different cultures shaped Mérida over time.
We walked along the castle walls, where there were great views of the river and city, and explored the peaceful courtyard with its old cistern that once stored water. There were also small archaeological displays and signboards explaining the history of the site. The Alcazaba offers a fascinating look into the Islamic period of Mérida’s history and is a quieter, less crowded spot to visit compared to the other Roman sites in the city.
Plaza de España.
From the Alcazaba, we wandered into the centre of Mérida, eventually arriving at the city’s main plaza, Plaza de España. This charming and historic square, located in the heart of the city, is surrounded by elegant buildings and lively cafés. It’s a popular spot for both locals and visitors to relax and soak up the atmosphere. The square has been an important social and cultural hub for centuries, and its central location makes it an ideal starting point for exploring the city’s Roman heritage. One of the most striking features of Plaza de España is the blend of architectural styles that reflect Mérida’s long and varied history.
The Trajans Arch
From the plaza, we wandered through the centre of Mérida, passing through Trajan’s Arch, a large Roman archway located in the centre of Mérida.. Despite its name, it’s not certain whether it was built in honour of Emperor Trajan—it may have simply been a monumental city gateway. Made of granite and standing over 13 metres high, the arch once marked an important entrance to the city’s forum, the heart of Roman public life. Though the decorative parts have mostly disappeared, the structure itself is still standing strong after nearly 2,000 years. I
Temple of Diana
Close to Trajan’s Arch was the Temple of Diana, one of the most impressive of the Roman sites in Mérida. Built in the 1st century BCE, it was originally used for worship and political gatherings, and despite its name, it wasn’t dedicated to the goddess Diana. The temple features tall granite columns and a large, raised platform, showing off the impressive Roman architecture that still survives today. It’s amazing to think that this structure has stood in the same spot for over 2,000 years. The temple is beautifully lit at night and surrounded by a small public square. We also visited the small visitor centre with information about its history and how it was rediscovered and restored.
The Roman Theatre
The nice thing about the historic sites in Mérida is that they are all relatively close to each other. From the Temple of Diana, it was a ten-minute walk to the most famous of the Roman ruins in the city, the Roman Theatre, which is one of the most impressive and well-preserved ancient theatres in the world. Built over 2,000 years ago, it was used for plays, speeches, and public events during the Roman Empire. The theatre could seat around 6,000 people and still features many of its original stone steps and columns. Behind the stage, there’s a beautiful two-level backdrop with statues and pillars that give you a real sense of the grandeur of Roman design. Standing in the middle of the theatre, it’s easy to imagine the crowds watching performances all those centuries ago. Today, the Roman Theatre is still used for cultural events, especially during the summer when it hosts the famous International Classical Theatre Festival, which was in the process of being set up when we were visiting.
The Roman Amphitheatre
The Roman Amphitheatre sits right next to the Roman Theatre and was built around 8 BCE. It was used for gladiator fights, wild animal hunts, and other public spectacles that were popular in Roman times. The oval-shaped arena could hold up to 15,000 spectators, with different seating areas based on social class. Although parts of the structure have worn away over time, you can still see the central arena, the entrance tunnels, and some of the original seating, which gives a good idea of what the space would have looked like.
House of Mithraeum
Leaving the Roman Amphitheatre, was started to make our way back towards the river where our car was parked. On the way, we made a stop at the House of Mithraeum.
The House of the Mithraeum is the remains of a large Roman villa, believed to have been the home of a wealthy family in the 1st or 2nd century CE. It’s named after the discovery of a nearby temple dedicated to the god Mithras, although the villa itself was used for everyday living. You can see the layout of the house, including courtyards, rooms, and some beautifully preserved mosaics—one of the most famous shows a detailed view of the cosmos. Covered by a protective roof, the site gives a fascinating glimpse into Roman domestic life and how people lived in ancient times.
The Bull Ring of Mérida
Close to the House of Mithraeum is the Bull Ring in Mérida, known as the Plaza de Toros, which was built in the early 20th century and used for traditional Spanish bullfights. While it no longer hosts regular bullfighting events, the arena still stands and is sometimes used for cultural or community events. What makes it particularly interesting is that it was built right over part of the ancient Roman amphitheatre, and visitors can see how the newer structure blends with the old. Although it’s not always open to the public, the Bull Ring adds another layer to Mérida’s mix of ancient and more recent history.
The Roman Circus
The Roman Circus in Mérida was once a massive stadium used for chariot races and could hold up to 30,000 spectators, making it one of the largest in the Roman Empire. Although much of it is now in ruins, you can still clearly see the shape of the track and get a good idea of the size and layout. There’s a small interpretation centre on site with displays and models that help bring the races and the crowd’s excitement to life. It’s a fascinating place to visit, especially if you enjoy imagining the thrill of ancient Roman sports and entertainment.
The aqueduct of Los Milagros de Mérida
The Aqueduct of Los Milagros in Mérida is one of the most impressive Roman structures in the city, originally built to carry water from a nearby reservoir to the ancient town. Known as the “Miraculous Aqueduct” because of how well it has survived over time, it still stands tall with rows of towering arches made from brick and stone. Although only part of the original structure remains, what’s left is striking and gives a real sense of Roman engineering skill. Set in a peaceful green area with walking paths and birdlife, it’s a lovely spot for a stroll, picnic, or photo stop just outside the busy city centre.
Planning your trip to Mérida
Getting around Mérida
🚶♂️ On Foot
Mérida is a very walkable city. Most of the main attractions—like the Roman theatre, amphitheatre, and Temple of Diana—are close to each other in the city centre. Walking is the best way to explore the historic sites and enjoy the local atmosphere at your own pace.
🚌 By Bus
There’s a local bus network that covers the city and nearby areas. Buses are cheap and run fairly often during the day. You can buy tickets from the driver. It’s a good option if you’re going somewhere a bit further out, like the Roman dam or the aqueducts.
🚖 By Taxi
Taxis are available and can be found at taxi ranks, ordered by phone, or hailed on the street. They’re more expensive than buses, but handy if you’re travelling with luggage or need to get somewhere quickly, especially at night.
🚗 By Car
If you have a hire car, getting around is easy. Roads are generally quiet, and there’s parking near most tourist spots. But keep in mind that some parts of the old town have narrow streets and limited access for cars.
🚴♀️ By Bike
Cycling is also an option, especially for visiting areas just outside the city centre. Mérida is not a big city, and bike rides can be a fun and active way to explore more of the Roman ruins and the natural surroundings.
Download pdf tourist map of Mérida tourist map here.
Getting to Mérida
🚆 By Train
You can take a train to Mérida from major Spanish cities like Madrid, Seville, or Badajoz. The train ride from Madrid takes around 4–5 hours and offers a comfortable and scenic journey through the countryside. Trains are run by Renfe, Spain’s national railway company, and tickets can be booked online in advance.
🚌 By Coach/Bus
Long-distance coaches also connect Mérida with various Spanish cities. Buses are often cheaper than trains and leave from main bus terminals in places like Madrid or Seville. The journey may take a bit longer, but it’s a good budget-friendly option.
🚗 By Car
Driving to Mérida is quite straightforward if you prefer the freedom to explore at your own pace. It’s about a 3.5-hour drive from Madrid via the A-5 motorway. Roads are generally well-maintained, and parking in the city is manageable, especially near tourist areas.
✈️ By Plane (Nearby Airports)
Mérida doesn’t have its own airport, but you can fly into nearby cities such as Madrid, Seville, or Badajoz. From Madrid or Seville, you can easily connect to Mérida by train, coach, or hire a car. Badajoz Airport is the closest (about an hour away by car), but it has fewer flight options.
Costs of visiting the sites of Mérida
🎟️ Combined Tourist Ticket
You can buy a combined ticket that gives you access to several main Roman sites, including the Roman theatre, amphitheatre, Temple of Diana, Circus Maximus, and Alcazaba.
💰 Price: Around €16 per adult.
👶 Children under 12 often get in for free or at a reduced rate.
🎫 These tickets are valid for several days, so you don’t have to rush everything in one go.
🏛️ National Museum of Roman Art
This impressive museum is full of Roman statues, mosaics, and ancient objects.
💰 Price: About €3 per person.
🆓 Free entry on Saturdays after 2pm and Sunday mornings, and often for EU citizens on certain days.
🏰 Alcazaba (Moorish Fortress)
This historic site offers views over the river and a chance to explore Islamic architecture.
💰 Usually included in the combined ticket, or around €6 if bought separately.
🌉 Roman Bridge, Aqueducts, and Public Spaces
These outdoor sites are free to walk around and enjoy.
🆓 Price: Free – great for sightseeing without spending money!
🧑🎓 Discounts
🎓 Students, seniors (usually over 65), and large families can often get discounts at most paid attractions.
💳 Bring ID or proof to show at the ticket office.
Tip: If you’re planning to see more than two sites, the combined ticket is usually the best value. Mérida is an affordable destination for history lovers, with lots of impressive sights that won’t break the bank!
The best time to visit Mérida
☀️ Summer (June to August)
Summers in Mérida are very hot and dry. Temperatures often reach 35–40°C, especially in July and August. It’s best to explore in the early morning or late evening and take plenty of water and sunscreen. Many locals take a siesta during the hottest part of the day—around 2 to 5pm—so some shops may close.
🌤️ Spring (March to May)
Spring is one of the best times to visit. The weather is warm but not too hot, with temperatures between 18–28°C. Flowers are in bloom, and it’s perfect for walking around the ruins and enjoying outdoor cafés. Don’t forget a light jacket for the evenings.
🍂 Autumn (September to November)
Autumn is another lovely season to visit. It starts off quite warm in September (around 30°C) and cools down to 15–20°C by November. It’s usually sunny with clear skies, though you might get the odd rainy day in October or November.
🌧️ Winter (December to February)
Winters are mild compared to the UK, with daytime temperatures between 10–16°C, though it can feel chilly in the mornings and evenings. It rarely snows, but it can be rainy or cloudy at times. A warm jumper and light raincoat should be enough.
Whatever time of year you visit, it’s always a good idea to check the forecast and pack accordingly. Mérida’s weather makes it a great year-round destination, especially if you enjoy sunny days and outdoor sightseeing.
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Where to stay in Mérida
1. Luxury – Hotel Ilunion Mérida Palace
Hotel Ilunion Mérida Palace is a beautiful 5-star hotel located right in the heart of Mérida’s old town, just a short walk from the city’s famous Roman ruins. Set in a restored 16th-century building, the hotel combines historic charm with modern comfort. Inside, you’ll find elegant rooms, a rooftop pool with lovely views, and a peaceful courtyard where you can relax after a day of sightseeing. The location is ideal for tourists, with many attractions, restaurants, and shops just around the corner. It’s a great choice if you’re looking for a mix of luxury and convenience in a historic setting.
2. Mid Range – Hotel Apartamentos MPD
Hotel Apartamentos MPD in Mérida is a modern and comfortable place to stay, perfect for travellers who want a bit more space and independence. The apartments are clean, well-equipped, and include handy features like a small kitchen, air conditioning, and free Wi-Fi—ideal if you prefer to cook your own meals or stay for more than a few days. It’s located in a quiet area, but still within walking distance of the main Roman sites and the city centre. Friendly staff and private parking make it a convenient and relaxed base for exploring Mérida.
3. Budget – Hotel Gran Sol De Extremadura
Hotel Gran Sol de Extremadura is a simple and budget-friendly hotel located in the nearby town of Montijo, just a short drive from Mérida. It offers clean, comfortable rooms with air conditioning, free Wi-Fi, and private bathrooms—perfect for travellers looking for a quiet place to rest without spending too much. The hotel has a café and restaurant on-site, serving traditional Spanish food, and the staff are known for being helpful and welcoming. It’s a good option if you’re travelling by car and want to stay outside the busy city centre while still being close to all the sights in Mérida.
More to Explore
