Panama City boasts two UNESCO World Heritage Sites that highlight its rich history and cultural significance. Panamá Viejo, the ruins of the original Panama City founded in 1519, is the oldest European settlement on the Pacific coast of the Americas. Destroyed by pirates in 1671, its remnants include a cathedral tower and various structures that showcase the city’s colonial past. The Historic District of Casco Viejo, founded in 1673, is a beautifully preserved colonial quarter featuring a mix of Spanish, French, and American architectural styles. With its charming plazas, historic churches, and vibrant cultural scene, Casco Viejo remains a testament to Panama’s diverse heritage and enduring legacy.
Panamá Viejo
The Archaeological Site of Panamá Viejo, is the preserved remains of the first European settlement on the Pacific coast of the Americas. Founded in 1519 by Spanish conquistador Pedro Arias de Ávila, it served as an important hub for exploration, conquest, and trade in the New World. The city was sacked and burned in 1671 by the infamous Welsh pirate, Henry Morgan, leading to its abandonment. After the attack, the population moved to a new site, which is now modern-day Panama City.
Today, the site is an iconic symbol of Panama’s colonial history and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
The site contains ruins of significant colonial buildings, including the Cathedral of Our Lady of the Assumption, convents, bridges, and residential areas. The bell tower of the cathedral is one of the most recognisable structures and offers panoramic views of the site.
Panamá Viejo demonstrates the typical colonial urban planning of the 16th century, with a grid layout and structures for both residential and religious purposes. It provides insights into the organization and life of early Spanish settlements.
During our visit to Panama Viejo, we stepped back in time to explore the ruins of the first Spanish city on the Pacific coast. The site was a fascinating glimpse into Panama’s colonial past, with remnants of ancient churches, a convent, and a fortress still standing tall. We wandered through the historical site, reading about its rise as a key port city before it was ultimately sacked by pirate Henry Morgan in 1671. The experience was a mix of awe and reflection, as we admired the craftsmanship of the old buildings and read the stories of those who once lived there.
The highlight of the visit was climbing to the top of the Mirador, a tower offering panoramic views of the surrounding area, where the city meets the ocean. From there, we could see the contrast between the modern skyline of Panama City and the ancient ruins below. The juxtaposition of the past and present was striking, and it made us appreciate the historical significance of Panama Viejo even more. Overall, it was an fantastic experience and a chance to explore Panama’s rich cultural heritage and deep history.
Panamá Viejo
After parking, we started to walk the streets, without much of an agenda. Strolling through the cobblestone streets of Casco Viejo, the historic heart of Panama City, feels like stepping into a vibrant blend of colonial charm and modern energy. Colourful, weathered facades line the narrow streets, where Spanish-style balconies draped in bougainvillaea overlook bustling cafés and boutique shops. There is a strong coffee culture here and the scent of freshly brewed Panamanian coffee drifts around you as you pass along the street. Interspersed through the Casco Viejo are lively plazas, including Plaza de la Independencia, Plaza Bolívar, and Plaza Francia, where locals and visitors alike gather to enjoy their surroundings.
National Theater of Panama
When we reached the Plaza Bolívar, we were drawn to the magnificent neoclassical architecture of the restored National Theater of Panama (Teatro Nacional de Panamá). Opened in 1908, the theatre was designed by Italian architect Gennaro Ruggieri and features an opulent interior adorned with frescoes painted by renowned Panamanian artist Roberto Lewis. The venue has hosted numerous theatrical performances, concerts, and ballets, making it a cornerstone of Panama’s artistic scene.
Arco Chato
Not too far from the National Theater was Arco Chato (Flat Arch) a remnant of the Church and Convent of Santo Domingo, built by Dominican friars in the 17th century. The structure was part of the larger Santo Domingo Church, which was destroyed by fire in the 18th century. The arch remained standing for over three centuries, despite earthquakes and harsh weather conditions – although it did collapse in 2003, it was later reconstructed.
Plaza Mayor
Our travels eventually brought us to the Plaza Mayor, the old town’s main plaza, where Panama declared its independence from Colombia in 1903. It is surrounded by several beautiful buildings, including the historic Hotel Central.
Sitting on the square is the Municipal Palace, which houses the small but worthwhile Panama History Museum (Museo de Historia de Panamá). It covers Panamanian history from the beginnings of independence and the construction of the Panama Canal, the 1964 riots against the US (Martyrs’ Day), and finally the Noriega years and the 1989 US invasion up to the present.
Another prominent building on the Plaza Mayor is the Catedral Metropolitana, a stunning 18th-century cathedral featuring a mix of baroque and neoclassical elements. Completed in 1796, the cathedral is one of the largest in Central America and features an impressive neoclassical facade with two striking white bell towers adorned with mother-of-pearl inlays. The cathedral has witnessed key historical events, including Panama’s independence from Spain and later from Colombia. Restored in recent years, its stunning interior boasts intricate wooden altars, religious artwork, and grand arches that reflect a blend of Spanish and Indigenous craftsmanship.
The Churches
There are some amazing churches within Panama City’s Casco Viejo. During our walk around the historical district, we visited a couple.
Iglesia de San Francisco de Asís was originally built in the 17th century. The church has undergone several reconstructions due to fires and natural disasters, with its most recent restoration preserving its beautiful colonial architecture and religious significance. The church has an elegant white façade, an intricate bell tower, and a serene interior.
Nuestra Señora de la Merced Church, is a significant colonial-era landmark with deep historical and architectural value. Originally built in 1680 in Panama Viejo, the church was dismantled and reconstructed in its current location after the original city was destroyed by the pirate Henry Morgan. The church features a striking baroque-style façade made of stone, contrasting with its simpler interior, which houses religious artifacts and artwork reflecting Panama’s colonial past.
The Molas Museum
One of the places we wanted to visit during our time in Casco Viejo was the Mola Museum. The museum is dedicated to the rich artistic heritage of the Guna Yala people. Mola is an intricate textile art which combines craftsmanship, traditions, and symbolism within the colourful, hand-stitched fabrics.
The word “mola” means “clothing” or “blouse” in the Guna language. Traditionally, molas were developed as part of women’s clothing, particularly as front and back panels of their hand-sewn blouses. The origins of mola art can be traced back to body painting, which was historically practised by Guna women. When fabric became more widely available through trade with European settlers in the 19th century, the Guna transferred their traditional body designs onto cloth.
We enjoyed wandering through the collection of traditional and contemporary molas.
Getting around Panama City
Getting around Panama City, Panama, is relatively easy, as the city has a mix of modern public transportation and affordable private options. Here are the best ways to navigate the city:
Public Transportation
Metro 🚇
- Fast & Affordable: The Panama Metro is clean, efficient, and one of the best ways to avoid traffic.
- Lines: There are currently 2 lines (Line 1 and Line 2), with expansions planned.
- Cost: ~$0.35 per ride (using a Metro Card).
- Best Use: Travel between downtown areas and key locations like Albrook Mall.
Metro Buses 🚌
- Extensive Coverage: Covers nearly all of Panama City.
- Cost: ~$0.25 to $1.25 (Metro Card required).
- Tip: Check Google Maps for routes, as signage can be unclear.
Private Transportation
Taxis 🚕
- Cheap but Unregulated: Always negotiate fares in advance or insist on using a meter.
- Ride-sharing Alternative: Uber and DiDi are safer and offer transparent pricing.
Uber & DiDi 🚗
- Best Choice for Tourists: More reliable than taxis and usually cheaper.
- Availability: Widely available in central areas but may have longer wait times in suburban parts.
Rental Cars 🚗
- Recommended for Exploring Beyond the City: Good for trips to the beaches, mountains, or countryside.
- Challenges: Traffic congestion, aggressive driving culture, and limited parking.
Walking 🚶
- Best in Certain Areas: Casco Viejo, Cinta Costera, and Avenida Balboa are walkable.
- Caution: Some areas lack sidewalks or can be unsafe at night.
Biking 🚴
- Limited Infrastructure: While Cinta Costera is great for cycling, the city lacks dedicated bike lanes elsewhere.
Eating out for vegans in Panama City
- El Trapiche is a renowned restaurant in Panama City, established in 1983, celebrated for its authentic Panamanian cuisine. The restaurant offers a diverse menu featuring traditional dishes such as sancocho (a hearty chicken soup), arroz con pollo (chicken with rice), and a variety of empanadas. For those seeking a comprehensive tasting experience, the “Fiesta Panameña” platter provides a sampler of local specialties.
- Mahalo isn’t an entirely plant-based restaurant, but they do feature a decent selection of vegan and vegetarian options. There are not a ton of plant-based options in Casco Viejo, so just having a restaurant that has more than 1 or 2 options is nice.
Rock and Rolls Vegan Sushi is a 100% plant-based sushi restaurant located in Panama City, Panama. Their mission is to offer sustainable, cruelty-free cuisine. The chef crafts a variety of original-style rolls using ingredients like hearts of palm, artichoke, mushrooms, avocado, tofu, and other plant-based components.
Location: The Plaza, Calle 72 Este, Planticeria, Panama City, Panama.
Operating Hours:
- Tuesday to Thursday: 12:00 PM – 8:00 PM
- Friday and Saturday: 12:00 PM – 9:00 PM
- Sunday: 12:00 PM – 6:00 PM
- Closed on Mondays
Planticería is a plant-based deli and bakery located in Panama City, Panama. They offer a variety of vegan options, including brunch, lunch, sandwiches, and baked goods like cookies and cakes. Their menu features creative plant-based meats, such as “Plantiramy” with a smoky flavour, “Plantironi” as a pepperoni substitute, and “Plantillopo” as a chicken alternative. They also provide a selection of dips, desserts, and vegan meat alternatives in their deli section.
As of the latest information, Planticería operates at the following location:
- San Francisco: Calle 72 Este, Local 8, Ciudad de Panamá. Open Monday to Sunday from 10:00 AM to 9:00 PM. Contact: +507 398-4482 / +507 6103-2644
The best time to visit Panama City
The best time to visit Panama City, Panama is during the dry season, which lasts from December to mid-April. This period offers sunny skies, warm temperatures, and minimal rainfall, making it ideal for sightseeing, outdoor activities, and exploring the city’s vibrant culture.
Seasonal Breakdown:
Dry Season (December – Mid-April) 🌞
- Best time for travel and tourism
- Warm temperatures (75-90°F / 24-32°C)
- Little to no rain, perfect for outdoor activities
- Peak tourist season—higher hotel prices and crowds
Rainy Season (Mid-April – November) 🌧️
- Frequent heavy rains, but short-lived showers
- Lush green landscapes
- Fewer tourists, lower hotel rates
- Best for budget travelers and nature lovers
Shoulder Season (Late November – Early December)
- Transition from rainy to dry season
- Fewer crowds, moderate prices
- Some rain, but also sunny days
The best time to visit Panama City
The best time to visit Panama City, Panama is during the dry season, which lasts from December to mid-April. This period offers sunny skies, warm temperatures, and minimal rainfall, making it ideal for sightseeing, outdoor activities, and exploring the city’s vibrant culture.
Seasonal Breakdown:
Dry Season (December – Mid-April) 🌞
- Best time for travel and tourism
- Warm temperatures (75-90°F / 24-32°C)
- Little to no rain, perfect for outdoor activities
- Peak tourist season—higher hotel prices and crowds
Rainy Season (Mid-April – November) 🌧️
- Frequent heavy rains, but short-lived showers
- Lush green landscapes
- Fewer tourists, lower hotel rates
- Best for budget travelers and nature lovers
Shoulder Season (Late November – Early December)
- Transition from rainy to dry season
- Fewer crowds, moderate prices
- Some rain, but also sunny days
Where to stay in Panama City
1. Mid Range: Hotel Terranova
Hotel Terranova is a modern 3-star hotel located in the elegant Bella Vista district of Panama City. The hotel offers an outdoor pool, a restaurant, free Wi-Fi, and complimentary private parking. Each air-conditioned room is equipped with a flat-screen TV with cable channels, a work desk, a sofa, and a private bathroom with free toiletries.
The hotel’s location provides easy access to the seafront, situated just 600 meters away. The surrounding streets are filled with restaurants and shops, making it a convenient choice for travellers. Additionally, the Iglesia del Carmen Metro Station is only a 5-minute walk from the hotel, offering excellent connectivity to various parts of the city.
2. Luxury – Bristol Panama
The Bristol Panama, a Registry Collection Hotel, is a luxury establishment situated in the heart of Panama City’s vibrant financial district. This prime location offers guests convenient access to shopping centres, cultural attractions, and nightlife.
Accommodations: The hotel features 130 sophisticated rooms and suites, each designed with plush bedding, Italian marble bathrooms, and modern amenities to ensure a comfortable stay.
Dining: Guests can indulge in gourmet Panamanian fusion cuisine at the on-site restaurant, Salsipuedes. Additionally, the hotel offers a lobby bar and terrace for cocktails and tapas, as well as 24/7 room service for in-room dining
3. Budget – Hotel Lisboa
Hotel Lisboa is a 3-star hotel located in Panama City, Panama, at Avenida Cuba and Calle 31 Este in the Bellavista District. The hotel offers 55 comfortable rooms equipped with private bathrooms, air conditioning, and cable television. Guests can enjoy amenities such as free Wi-Fi throughout the property, a 24-hour reception desk, and complimentary private parking. An on-site restaurant is also available for dining.
The hotel’s central location provides easy access to various attractions, including the historic Casco Antiguo, which is just a 5-minute drive away. Public transportation is conveniently accessible, with a metro station located 50 meters from the hotel.
