Saudi Arabia: Riyadh

February 7, 2025
Saudi Arabia
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Riyadh is the capital and largest city of Saudi Arabia, located in the central part of the country on the Najd Plateau. It is the political, economic, and cultural hub of the Kingdom, playing a crucial role in the nation’s development. With a rapidly growing population exceeding 7.5 million, Riyadh is one of the wealthiest and most influential cities in the Middle East.

Geography & Climate

Riyadh is situated in an arid desert environment, characterised by extreme heat in the summer (often exceeding 45°C/113°F) and mild winters. The city experiences little rainfall and is known for its dry climate, with occasional sandstorms.

History

The city’s modern history began in 1744 when it became the birthplace of the First Saudi State under the leadership of Imam Muhammad bin Saud in alliance with Islamic scholar Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab. However, the city fell to the Ottomans in the early 19th century before being recaptured in 1902 by King Abdulaziz Al Saud, marking the beginning of the modern Saudi state. Riyadh transformed from a small walled city into a thriving metropolis, especially after the discovery of oil in the 20th century, which fueled rapid economic and infrastructural development. Today, it stands as the political, economic, and cultural hub of Saudi Arabia, hosting government institutions, financial centers, and major global events.

Places to visit in Riyadh

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Kingdom Centre Tower
The Kingdom Centre Tower in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, is an iconic skyscraper and one of the most recognizable landmarks in the city. Standing at 302 meters (991 feet) tall, it is a striking architectural marvel featuring a unique, inverted parabolic opening near the top, which gives it a distinctive silhouette. Completed in 2002, the tower houses a luxurious shopping mall, office spaces, the Four Seasons Hotel Riyadh, and high-end residential apartments. One of its major attractions is the Sky Bridge, a 56-meter-long observation deck offering breathtaking panoramic views of the city. The Kingdom Centre Tower reflects modern Saudi Arabian architecture and serves as a symbol of economic prosperity and urban sophistication.

Visit the National Museum of Saudi Arabia
The National Museum of Saudi Arabia, located in Riyadh, is a premier cultural and historical institution showcasing the rich heritage of the Kingdom. Established in 1999, the museum is part of the King Abdulaziz Historical Center and spans over 28,000 square meters. It houses eight galleries that chronicle the country’s history, from prehistoric times to the modern era, covering topics such as the Arabian Peninsula’s geography, Islamic civilization, and the formation of Saudi Arabia. The museum features interactive exhibits, ancient artefacts, manuscripts, and audiovisual presentations that provide visitors with an immersive experience. As a vital educational and cultural hub, it plays a crucial role in preserving and promoting Saudi Arabia’s historical and cultural identity.

Explore the ruins of At Turaif
At-Turaif, located in the heart of Diriyah, near Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site renowned for its historical and cultural significance. Established in the 15th century, At-Turaif was the first capital of the Saudi dynasty and served as a political and military stronghold. Built in the distinctive Najdi architectural style, it features mud-brick structures, narrow alleyways, and majestic palaces that reflect the region’s heritage. The site played a crucial role in the rise of the First Saudi State and is now a key tourist attraction, undergoing extensive restoration to preserve its historical charm. Visitors can explore museums, cultural exhibitions, and restored buildings that offer insights into Saudi Arabia’s rich past.

Visit Al Masmak Fortress
Visiting Al Masmak Fortress in Riyadh offers a fascinating glimpse into Saudi Arabia’s rich history and cultural heritage. This 19th-century mud-brick fortress, located in the heart of the city, played a crucial role in the unification of the Kingdom under King Abdulaziz in 1902. Today, it serves as a museum, showcasing historical artifacts, old photographs, and interactive exhibits that narrate the story of Riyadh’s past. Visitors can explore the fortress’s thick walls, wooden doors, and watchtowers, all of which reflect traditional Najdi architecture. The experience is both educational and immersive, making it a must-visit destination for history enthusiasts and tourists seeking to understand Saudi Arabia’s roots.

Take a trip out to the Edge of the World
The Edge of the World in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, is one of the country’s most breathtaking natural wonders. Officially known as Jebel Fihrayn, this dramatic escarpment offers panoramic views over an endless desert landscape, making visitors feel as if they are standing at the edge of the Earth. Located about 90 kilometers northwest of Riyadh, the site is part of the Tuwaiq Mountain range, featuring towering cliffs and deep valleys carved by ancient rivers. It is a popular destination for hikers, adventure seekers, and nature lovers who want to experience the rugged beauty of Saudi Arabia. The Edge of the World is best visited during cooler months, offering a surreal and unforgettable experience, especially during sunrise or sunset when the golden hues of the desert create a mesmerizing view.

Getting to and around Riyadh

Getting around Riyadh, Saudi Arabia can be done in several ways, depending on your preference for speed, comfort, and budget. Here are the main transportation options:

1. Metro (Riyadh Metro)

The Riyadh Metro is fully operational soon and has six lines covering most of the city.
It is be one of the best ways to avoid traffic.

2. Buses (Riyadh Public Transport)

Riyadh Bus Network (operated by SAPTCO) offers affordable travel.
Buses have dedicated routes across the city, making them useful for budget travellers.
Tickets can be purchased through the Riyadh Bus app.

3. Ride-Hailing Apps

Uber, Careem, and local Saudi ride-hailing apps like Jeeny are widely used.
They offer convenient door-to-door services and can be paid for using cash or card.

4. Taxis

Regular taxis are available but can be expensive compared to ride-hailing apps.
Always negotiate the fare or ensure the meter is running.

5. Renting a Car

Riyadh has well-maintained roads, making car rentals a popular option.
Major car rental companies like Hertz, Budget, and Sixt operate in the city.
Driving is on the right-hand side, and an International Driving Permit (IDP) may be required.

6. Walking

Riyadh is not very pedestrian-friendly, as sidewalks can be limited, and distances between attractions are large.
However, certain areas like Boulevard Riyadh City, Diplomatic Quarter (DQ), and King Abdullah Financial District (KAFD) are walkable.

7. Cycling & E-Scooters

Limited bike lanes exist, but cycling is not a common mode of transport.
Some areas, like Riyadh Season events or tourist zones, offer e-scooter rentals.

The best time to visit

The best time to visit Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, is during the cooler months from November to March. Here’s a breakdown of what to expect:

Best Time (November – March)

Weather: Pleasant, with daytime temperatures ranging from 15°C to 25°C (59°F to 77°F).
Ideal for: Sightseeing, outdoor activities, desert excursions, and festivals.
Events: Riyadh Season (a major entertainment festival with concerts, exhibitions, and performances).

Shoulder Season (October & April)

Weather: Warm but tolerable, with temperatures between 25°C and 35°C (77°F to 95°F).
Ideal for: Exploring cultural landmarks before extreme heat sets in.
Caution: Late April can start getting too hot.

Avoid (May – September)

Weather: Extremely hot, with temperatures often exceeding 45°C (113°F).
Not recommended for: Outdoor activities; even locals prefer staying indoors with air conditioning.
If visiting: Stay hydrated and limit outdoor activities to early mornings or late evenings.

Where to stay

1. Mid Range: Golden Dune Hotel AlFayhaa

The Golden Dune Hotel AlFayhaa is a 3-star establishment located on Saud Al Uthman Road in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The hotel offers a variety of accommodations, including Superior Double Rooms, Superior Twin Rooms, Executive Suites, Presidential Suites, and Deluxe Queen Rooms. Each room is equipped with amenities such as air conditioning, flat-screen TVs with satellite channels, tea and coffee making facilities, and private bathrooms with complimentary toiletries.

Guests can enjoy dining at the on-site restaurant, which serves a continental breakfast and a selection of Eastern and Western dishes throughout the day. Additional facilities include free Wi-Fi throughout the property, complimentary private parking, a 24-hour front desk, and business services like faxing and photocopying.

2. Luxury – Narcissus The Royal Hotel

Narcissus The Royal Hotel & Convention is a 5-star luxury hotel located in the Al Olaya district of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Situated approximately 600 meters from Al Faisaliah Mall and less than 1 kilometre from Al Faisaliah Tower, the hotel offers convenient access to key city attractions.

The hotel features a range of accommodations, including Deluxe King Rooms, Junior Suites, Premium Suites, and Royal Suites. Each room is equipped with modern amenities such as air conditioning, flat-screen TVs, minibars, and private bathrooms. Guests can enjoy complimentary Wi-Fi throughout the property.

3. Budget – Al Furat Madayin Hotel

Al Furat Madayin Hotel is a 3-star accommodation located in the Al Olaya district of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Situated on King Fahad Road, behind Al Habib Hospital, the hotel is conveniently positioned near prominent landmarks such as Al Mamlaka Tower and Burj Al Anoud. The hotel’s address is King Fahad Road, Behind Alhabib Hospital, Al Olaya, 51000 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Accommodations and Amenities:

The hotel offers 78 air-conditioned rooms and suites, each featuring wooden furnishings and carpeted floors. Standard amenities include a flat-screen TV with satellite channels, a minibar, and a private bathroom equipped with both a bath and a shower. Guests can enjoy complimentary Wi-Fi access throughout the property