Blog Posts
No post found
Capital city: Lusaka
Government system: Unitary presidential republic
Surface Area: 752,612 km²
Population: About 20 million (2025 est.)
Languages Spoken: English (official), plus 70+ local languages such as Bemba, Nyanja, Tonga, Lozi
Major Religions: Christianity (predominantly Protestant and Catholic), small minorities of Islam, Hinduism and traditional beliefs
Country Overviews
Zambia is a landlocked country in Southern Africa, bordered by eight nations including Tanzania, Malawi, Mozambique and Zimbabwe. Its geography is dominated by high plateaus, rivers and valleys, with the Zambezi River carving the iconic Victoria Falls along the border with Zimbabwe. Zambia is known for its diverse wildlife, sprawling national parks, and rich cultural traditions, making it a significant tourist destination for those seeking both safari and adventure travel.
The country has a complex history shaped by its pre-colonial kingdoms, British colonialism under the name Northern Rhodesia, and eventual independence in 1964. Post-independence, Zambia has faced economic challenges, particularly due to reliance on copper mining. However, it remains one of Africa’s most politically stable nations, with a growing tourism industry and agricultural development helping to diversify the economy.
Tourists are drawn to Zambia not only for its natural wonders like Victoria Falls and South Luangwa National Park but also for the warmth and friendliness of its people. English as the official language makes it relatively easy for foreign travellers to communicate. Zambia has an emerging infrastructure with improving road networks, domestic flights, and a growing range of hotels and lodges catering to both luxury travellers and budget adventurers.
USEFUL INFORMATION
Currency & banking
💰 Currency Overview
Zambia’s currency is the Zambian Kwacha (ZMW). It is relatively stable compared to past decades, but like many African currencies, it is sensitive to international commodity prices, especially copper. Tourists will find that many businesses, particularly hotels and travel agencies, quote prices in US dollars, but day-to-day transactions are conducted in kwacha.
💵 Denominations
The kwacha is divided into notes and coins. Banknotes are commonly available in denominations of 2, 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 kwacha. Coins are less widely used but exist in 5, 10 and 50 ngwee (cents) as well as 1 kwacha. Tourists are advised to carry small denominations, as change may not always be available in smaller shops or rural areas.
💳 Currency Exchange
Currency exchange is straightforward in cities, where banks, exchange bureaus, and some hotels provide the service. US dollars, British pounds and South African rand are the most widely accepted foreign currencies. Notes must be in good condition, as damaged or old US dollar bills are often refused. Rates are usually more favourable at banks and official bureaux than at hotels or airports.
🏧 Credit Cards and ATMs
Credit cards are increasingly accepted in Zambia, especially Visa and Mastercard, though American Express is rare. ATMs are widespread in Lusaka, Livingstone, and larger towns, dispensing kwacha. It is wise to carry cash as back-up, particularly when travelling outside urban centres where ATMs can be scarce or unreliable.
Tipping
🍽️ Tipping in Restaurants
Tipping is appreciated but not always expected. In casual restaurants, rounding up the bill is sufficient. In higher-end establishments, a tip of 10% is considered fair if service is not included in the bill.
🏨 Tipping in Hotels
Porters and hotel staff generally expect a small tip. For luggage, the equivalent of about £1–2 per bag is standard. Housekeepers may be tipped at the end of a stay with a few kwacha left in the room.
🚖 Tipping in Taxis
Taxi fares are usually negotiated before travel, and tips are not expected. However, rounding up the fare or adding a little extra for helpful drivers is a courteous gesture.
🚙 Tipping Guides and Drivers
On safaris or guided tours, tipping is customary. Drivers and guides may expect between £5–10 per person per day, depending on service. For multi-day tours, tips are often pooled and shared among the team.
Communications
📶 Public WiFi
Public WiFi is limited, with most connectivity centred around cafes, malls, and airports in Lusaka and Livingstone. Speeds can vary greatly and may not be reliable for heavy use.
🏨 Hotel WiFi
Most hotels and lodges provide WiFi, although quality can range from excellent in international hotels to patchy in remote safari lodges. Always check if WiFi is included in your booking, as some establishments charge extra.
📱 Mobile Networks and SIM Cards
Zambia has several mobile operators, including Airtel, MTN and Zamtel. Purchasing a local SIM card is straightforward at airports or shops with ID. Data packages are affordable and recommended for travellers needing regular access. Coverage is generally good in towns but weak in rural safari areas.
Getting around
🚌 Buses and Coaches
Intercity buses connect Lusaka to other towns and are a popular budget option. They are inexpensive but may lack punctuality and comfort. Long journeys can take many hours due to road conditions.
🚖 Taxis
Taxis are widely available in cities. They do not use meters, so fares must be negotiated in advance. Rideshare services are not common, so travellers should arrange taxis through hotels when possible.
🚙 Driving in Zambia
Driving can be rewarding but requires caution. Vehicles keep to the left. Roads in cities and major routes are in fair condition, but rural roads can be rough and may require a 4×4. Speed limits are enforced, and police checkpoints are frequent, so carrying documents and insurance is essential. Drunk driving is strictly prohibited, and seat belts are mandatory.
🛫 Domestic Flights
Airlines connect Lusaka, Livingstone, Mfuwe, and other regions, useful for safari tourism. Flights are reliable but can be expensive compared to road travel.
🚂 Trains
Passenger train services are limited, slow, and not widely used by tourists. The TAZARA railway from Kapiri Mposhi to Dar es Salaam in Tanzania is an exception, offering a scenic but lengthy journey.
Health advice
💉 Vaccines Table
| Vaccine | Recommended For | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Yellow Fever | Required if arriving from affected areas | Proof of vaccination may be needed |
| Hepatitis A | All travellers | Spread through food and water |
| Typhoid | All travellers | Especially for rural travel |
| Hepatitis B | Long stays or medical exposure | Spread through blood/sexual contact |
| Rabies | Extended stays, animal exposure risk | Dogs and wildlife present risks |
| Tetanus/Diphtheria | All travellers | Standard protection advised |
| Malaria Prevention | All travellers | High risk throughout Zambia |
🦠 Diseases
Malaria is the most significant health risk, with transmission year-round. Preventative medication, mosquito nets, and repellents are essential. Other concerns include bilharzia (schistosomiasis) in fresh water and HIV/AIDS, which remains a public health issue.
🏥 Healthcare Standards
Healthcare facilities in Lusaka and major cities are reasonable but not up to Western standards. Rural healthcare is basic. Private hospitals offer better services but may require upfront payment. Evacuation insurance is strongly recommended in case of serious illness.
🛡️ Insurance
Comprehensive travel insurance is vital for Zambia. Policies should cover medical evacuation, hospitalisation, and repatriation. Safari activities such as walking tours and adventure sports should be included in the cover.
Safety
🚔 Crime
Petty theft, pickpocketing, and bag snatching can occur in busy areas, especially in Lusaka and Livingstone. Violent crime against tourists is rare but not impossible. Keeping valuables out of sight and using hotel safes is sensible.
⚠️ General Safety
Visitors should avoid walking after dark, particularly in poorly lit areas. Roads can be hazardous, so caution is advised when crossing streets. In rural areas, wildlife can be a danger—hippos and crocodiles near water should be treated with extreme caution.
📜 Local Laws
Zambia enforces strict laws against drug possession and trafficking, with heavy penalties. Homosexuality is illegal, and public expressions of same-sex relationships can result in arrest. Always carry identification as police may conduct checks.
☎️ Emergency Numbers
| Service | Number |
|---|---|
| Police | 991 |
| Ambulance | 992 |
| Fire | 993 |
Climate
🌞 Summer (November to March)
This is the rainy season, with hot, humid weather and heavy downpours. Roads in rural areas may become difficult, but landscapes are lush and green. It is also a good time for birdwatching.
🍂 Autumn (April to May)
Rainfall decreases and temperatures become more pleasant. The scenery remains green, and this is a shoulder season with fewer tourists and lower prices.
❄️ Winter (June to August)
Cooler and drier months, especially at night. This is peak safari season as wildlife gathers around shrinking waterholes. Days are warm and comfortable for outdoor activities.
🌼 Spring (September to October)
The hottest months of the year, with temperatures often exceeding 35°C. Wildlife viewing is excellent as animals congregate near rivers, but heat can be intense.
🎒 Packing Tips
Light, breathable clothing is essential for hot days, with warmer layers for cool evenings in winter. Neutral-coloured clothing is best for safaris. Good walking shoes, sun protection, and insect repellent are must-haves.
🗓️ Best Time to Visit
The best overall time to visit Zambia is during the dry season, from June to October, when wildlife viewing is at its peak and conditions are comfortable.
📊 Climate Summary Table
| Season | Weather | Travel Highlights |
|---|---|---|
| Summer (Nov–Mar) | Hot, wet, humid | Birdwatching, lush landscapes |
| Autumn (Apr–May) | Warm, less rain | Shoulder season, green scenery |
| Winter (Jun–Aug) | Cool, dry | Peak safari season |
| Spring (Sep–Oct) | Very hot, dry | Excellent wildlife viewing |
Visa requirements
🛂 Visa Types
Most visitors require a visa to enter Zambia. Options include single-entry, double-entry, and multiple-entry visas, as well as day-tripper visas for short visits from Zimbabwe or Botswana. An eVisa system is available online, allowing travellers to apply in advance and receive approval before arrival.
🌐 Useful Links
Official Immigration Website: https://www.zambiaimmigration.gov.zm
Electrical
The standard voltage is 240 V and the standard frequency is 50 Hz.
Which power plugs and sockets are used in Zambia?
In Zambia, the power plug sockets are of type C, D and G. Check out the following pictures.
Type C: also known as the standard “Euro” plug. This socket also works with plug E and plug F.
Type D: mainly used in India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, and some African countries. This socket only works with plug D.
Type G: this type is of British origin. This socket only works with plug G.
 |  |  |
| Type G: This socket has no alternative plugs | Type C: This socket also works with plug E and F | Type D: This socket has no alternative plugs |