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Capital City: Dodoma
Government System: Unitary presidential democratic republic
Surface Area: 947,303 km²
Population: Approx. 65 million (2025)
Languages Spoken: Kiswahili (official), English, plus many local languages
Major Religions: Christianity, Islam, Traditional African beliefs
Country Overview
Tanzania is one of East Africa’s most iconic countries, renowned for its stunning natural beauty, rich cultural diversity, and remarkable wildlife. From the endless plains of the Serengeti to the towering peak of Mount Kilimanjaro, Tanzania is home to some of Africa’s most famous landmarks. Zanzibar, with its white sandy beaches and historical Stone Town, adds a coastal charm to the country’s appeal, blending Swahili, Arab, Indian, and European influences. Visitors are often captivated not just by landscapes, but also by the friendliness of the people, who bring together a tapestry of over 120 ethnic groups in one nation.
Economically, Tanzania is developing but heavily reliant on agriculture, tourism, and natural resources. Tourism in particular plays a major role, with safaris, trekking, and cultural tourism attracting millions of visitors every year. Dar es Salaam, the former capital and still the commercial hub, stands in contrast to Dodoma, the official capital, offering lively markets, ports, and business activity. While Tanzania continues to face economic challenges, it has made strides in infrastructure and development, especially in boosting its tourism sector and road networks.
The country offers a fascinating blend of the ancient and modern, from centuries-old Swahili coastal settlements to bustling modern cities. Yet, much of its magic lies in its wilderness and the sense of adventure it inspires. Visitors can experience remote national parks, untouched islands, and vibrant towns, all within the same journey. This balance of nature, history, and culture makes Tanzania one of Africa’s most rewarding travel destinations.
USEFUL INFORMATION
Currency & banking
💰 Currency Overview
Tanzania’s official currency is the Tanzanian Shilling (TZS). It is used across the entire country and remains the primary medium of exchange, though US dollars are also widely accepted, especially in tourist areas, hotels, and safari lodges. Visitors are encouraged to carry shillings for everyday purchases, as smaller shops, markets, and local transport typically do not accept foreign currencies.
💵 Denominations
The Tanzanian Shilling is available in both coins and banknotes. Banknotes are issued in denominations of 500, 1,000, 2,000, 5,000, and 10,000 shillings. Coins are found in smaller values such as 50, 100, and 200 shillings. Banknotes are colourful and depict cultural and historical imagery, while coins are practical for small purchases such as snacks, bus fares, and bottled water.
💱 Currency Exchange
Currency exchange is straightforward in Tanzania. Exchange bureaus can be found in major cities like Dar es Salaam, Arusha, and Zanzibar, as well as at airports. Banks also provide exchange services, although commission rates may vary. US dollars are the most widely exchanged foreign currency, followed by the euro and pound sterling. Visitors should bring newer US dollar notes (issued after 2006), as older notes are often refused.
💳 Credit Cards and ATMs
Credit cards are accepted in larger hotels, safari lodges, and high-end restaurants, but they are not widely used in rural areas. Visa and Mastercard are the most common, while American Express is accepted in fewer places. ATMs are available in cities and towns, offering withdrawals in Tanzanian shillings, though rural areas often lack such facilities. Travellers should not rely solely on cards and ensure they carry enough cash for everyday needs.
Tipping
💁 Tipping Advice for Tourists
🍴 Restaurants
Tipping is appreciated though not always compulsory. In most restaurants, a tip of around 5–10% of the bill is common if service is not already included.
🏨 Hotels
Hotel staff such as porters and cleaners often expect small tips. Around 1,000–2,000 shillings per service is a fair amount, or more for longer stays and higher-end hotels.
🚖 Taxis
Taxis in Tanzania do not generally use meters, so fares should be agreed in advance. Rounding up the fare or adding a small tip is customary.
🚌 Guides and Drivers
Safari guides, drivers, and tour leaders are highly reliant on tips. For safari drivers and guides, US$10–20 per person per day is the norm, usually given at the end of the trip.
Communications
📶 Public WiFi
Public WiFi is limited in Tanzania. Internet cafés can still be found in towns, but they tend to be slow. Some cafes and restaurants in cities may provide WiFi, but it is not widely available in rural areas.
🏨 Hotel WiFi
Many hotels, especially in tourist hubs, provide WiFi for free or at a small cost. The connection quality can be unreliable, especially in remote safari lodges, so visitors should not rely on it for heavy use.
📱 Mobile Networks and SIM Cards
Mobile networks are well-developed in Tanzania, with providers such as Vodacom, Airtel, Tigo, and Halotel. Buying a local SIM card is inexpensive and straightforward, available at the airport or in city shops. Data packages are affordable and provide good coverage in most populated areas, although rural and safari regions may have limited connectivity.
Getting Around
🚐 Buses and Minibuses
Public buses and minibuses (dala-dalas) are the most common local transport, offering cheap travel between towns and within cities. They can be crowded and lack schedules, but they are the primary way many locals travel.
🚕 Taxis and Ride-Hailing
Taxis are available in major towns and tourist centres. Always agree on the price before travel as meters are rare. In Dar es Salaam and Arusha, ride-hailing apps like Bolt and Uber are slowly becoming more common.
🚙 Car Hire and Driving
Car hire is available in large cities and airports, with both international and local companies providing services. Driving is on the left-hand side. A valid international driving permit is required, and road conditions can be challenging, especially in rural or unpaved areas. Police checkpoints are common, and seatbelts are mandatory. Driving at night outside cities is not recommended due to poor lighting and the risk of animals crossing.
🛫 Domestic Flights
Tanzania has several domestic airlines connecting major cities and safari destinations. Flights are convenient for reaching remote areas like the Serengeti or Zanzibar quickly, though they can be costly compared to buses.
⛴ Ferries and Boats
Ferries connect the mainland to Zanzibar and other islands. Services from Dar es Salaam to Zanzibar are frequent and take around two hours. Always choose reputable ferry operators for safety reasons.
Health advice
🩺 Health Advice for Tourists
💉 Suggested Vaccines
| Vaccine | Recommended For |
|---|---|
| Yellow Fever | Mandatory if arriving from infected areas |
| Hepatitis A | All travellers |
| Typhoid | Most travellers |
| Malaria Prophylaxis | Strongly advised |
| Rabies | For long stays or remote travel |
| Hepatitis B | For extended stays or close local contact |
🦟 Diseases
Malaria is a major risk in Tanzania, especially in lowland and coastal areas. Visitors should take anti-malarial medication and use mosquito nets and repellents. Other mosquito-borne diseases such as dengue and chikungunya are also present.
🤒 Potential Health Issues
Travellers may experience diarrhoea and stomach problems due to food or water contamination. Drinking bottled or boiled water is strongly recommended. Heat exhaustion and sunburn are common risks.
🏥 Healthcare Standards
Healthcare in Tanzania varies greatly. Major cities have hospitals and private clinics, but rural areas often lack adequate facilities. Medical evacuation may be required in severe cases.
🛡 Insurance
Comprehensive travel insurance is essential. Policies should cover medical evacuation, as serious cases may require transfer to Kenya or South Africa for proper treatment.
Safety
🚔 Crime
Petty crime such as pickpocketing and bag-snatching can occur in busy areas and on beaches. Visitors should avoid displaying valuables and remain cautious at night.
⚠️ General Safety Issues
Political demonstrations can occur, especially in cities. It is advisable to avoid large gatherings. Road safety is a concern due to poor conditions and reckless driving.
📜 Local Laws
Drug offences are treated very seriously with long sentences. Modest dress is encouraged in Zanzibar and coastal Muslim areas. Homosexuality is illegal in Tanzania and punishable under law.
☎️ Emergency Numbers
| Service | Number |
|---|---|
| Police | 111 |
| Ambulance | 115 |
| Fire | 114 |
Climate
☀️ Dry Season (June to October)
This is the most popular time to visit Tanzania. Wildlife viewing is excellent as animals gather around water sources, and the weather is sunny and dry.
🌦 Short Rains (November to December)
A brief rainy season brings showers, but travel is still possible. The landscape becomes lush and green.
🌧 Long Rains (March to May)
Heavy rains make many roads impassable, and some lodges close during this period. It is the least favourable time for safaris.
🧳 Packing Tips
Light, breathable clothing is essential, alongside long sleeves for mosquito protection. A good pair of walking shoes, sun cream, and a hat are recommended. Modest clothing is advised in Zanzibar.
📅 Best Time to Visit
The best time for safaris is during the dry season, particularly June to October. For climbing Mount Kilimanjaro, January to March and June to October are most suitable.
| Season | Conditions | Suitability |
|---|---|---|
| June–Oct | Dry, sunny | Best for safaris |
| Nov–Dec | Short rains | Lush scenery |
| Mar–May | Heavy rains | Poor travel conditions |
| Jan–Mar | Warm, clear | Good for trekking |
Visa requirements
🛂 Visa Information for Tourists
🧾 Visa Types
Most visitors to Tanzania require a visa, which can be obtained online via the e-visa system or on arrival at airports and major entry points. Tourist visas are typically valid for 90 days. East African tourist visas are also available, allowing combined travel in Kenya, Rwanda, and Uganda, though not Tanzania.
🌐 Useful Links
Official visa information can be found at:
Electrical
The standard voltage is 240 V and the standard frequency is 50 Hz.
Which power plugs and sockets are in Tanzania?
In Tanzania, the power plugs and sockets are of type G. Check out the following pictures.
Type G: this type is of British origin. This socket only works with plug G.
 |
| Type G: This socket has no alternative plugs |