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Capital city: Taipei
Government system: Multiparty democracy with a semi-presidential system
Surface area: 36,197 km²
Population: Approximately 23.5 million
Languages spoken: Mandarin Chinese (official), Taiwanese Hokkien, Hakka, indigenous Austronesian languages
Major religions: Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism, Christianity, folk religions
Country Overview
Taiwan is a fascinating island located in East Asia, off the south-eastern coast of China. It is renowned for its mountainous landscapes, vibrant cities, and a unique blend of traditional Chinese culture and modern innovation. Taipei, the bustling capital, is home to the iconic Taipei 101 skyscraper, lively night markets, and some of the best street food in the world. Outside the urban centres, Taiwan offers lush forests, hot springs, and dramatic coastal cliffs, making it a paradise for both culture seekers and nature enthusiasts.
The island’s political status is unique and often in international debate, but inside Taiwan daily life runs with stability, efficiency, and a strong sense of identity. The society is democratic, with free elections and an active civil society. Taiwanese people are warm and welcoming, and many speak at least basic English, especially in the cities, making travel accessible for international visitors. The combination of modern infrastructure and preserved traditions creates an atmosphere unlike anywhere else in Asia.
Taiwan also stands out as a hub of technology and commerce. Its economy is driven by high-tech industries, manufacturing, and a strong export market, yet it has retained its cultural roots through temples, festivals, and artistic traditions. For travellers, Taiwan offers a safe, clean, and enriching experience, whether exploring its temples, hiking in Taroko Gorge, or sampling bubble tea in a busy market.
USEFUL INFORMATION
Currency & banking
💰 Currency Overview
Taiwan uses the New Taiwan Dollar (TWD), commonly abbreviated as NT$ or simply NTD. The currency is stable and widely accepted across the island, and all prices in shops, restaurants, and hotels are quoted in TWD. While larger establishments may accept credit cards, cash remains essential, particularly in markets, small eateries, and rural areas. Visitors are advised to carry a mix of cash and cards to ensure flexibility.
💵 Denominations
The New Taiwan Dollar is issued in both coins and banknotes. Coins come in denominations of NT$1, NT$5, NT$10, NT$20, and NT$50. Banknotes are issued in NT$100, NT$200, NT$500, NT$1,000, and NT$2,000, with the NT$100, NT$500, and NT$1,000 notes being the most commonly used. The banknotes are colourful and designed with national landmarks, historical figures, and cultural motifs, making them distinctive and easy to recognise.
💱 Currency Exchange
Foreign currencies can be exchanged at banks, major hotels, and authorised currency exchange counters. Airports offer convenient exchange facilities, though rates may be slightly less favourable than in the city. Banks generally provide competitive rates, but travellers should be aware of operating hours. It is advisable to exchange enough cash before travelling to more remote areas, where exchange services are harder to find. Passports are required when exchanging currency at banks.
💳 Credit Cards
Credit cards such as Visa, MasterCard, and American Express are widely accepted in major hotels, department stores, and larger restaurants. However, smaller family-run businesses, markets, and rural shops often only accept cash. Contactless payments, such as Apple Pay or Google Pay, are increasingly available in larger cities. It is wise to keep some cash on hand at all times, as card acceptance cannot be guaranteed everywhere.
🏧 ATMs
ATMs are widely available across Taiwan, even in small towns and convenience stores such as 7-Eleven and FamilyMart. Most ATMs accept international cards, but it is best to look for those displaying the Plus, Cirrus, or UnionPay logos. Withdrawal fees vary by bank and home card issuer, so it is recommended to check fees in advance. ATMs are a convenient and reliable way to access local currency throughout your stay.
Tipping
🍽️ Tipping in Restaurants
Tipping is not common practice in Taiwan, as service charges (usually 10%) are typically included in restaurant bills. In casual eateries and night markets, tipping is not expected at all. Leaving small change on the table is not necessary, though it won’t cause offence if you choose to do so.
🏨 Tipping in Hotels
In most hotels, tipping is not a standard practice. Porters and housekeeping staff do not generally expect tips, though offering NT$50–100 to porters for carrying heavy luggage is considered a polite gesture in higher-end hotels. At luxury hotels, rounding up or leaving a small amount for exceptional service is appreciated.
🚖 Tipping in Taxis
Taxi drivers in Taiwan do not expect tips, and fares are metered. It is customary to round up to the nearest NT$10 for convenience, though not required. Drivers usually appreciate it if passengers do not request small change.
🚌 Tipping Guides and Drivers
For organised tours, tipping guides and drivers is customary. The amount varies, but NT$200–300 per day for guides and NT$100–200 per day for drivers is a good guideline. This is not mandatory but is appreciated, particularly if service has been helpful and friendly.
Communications
📶 Public WiFi
Taiwan offers excellent connectivity. Public WiFi is widely available in major cities, particularly in airports, train stations, and some government-sponsored hotspots. The “iTaiwan” service is a free public WiFi network available to visitors, though registration with a passport is required. Speeds are generally good, making it convenient for casual browsing and navigation.
🏨 Hotel WiFi
Nearly all hotels, from budget to luxury, offer free WiFi. Connections are usually reliable and fast in urban areas, though smaller inns in rural settings may have weaker service. Passwords are often provided at check-in, and some hotels provide multiple routers to ensure strong coverage throughout the property.
📱 Mobile Networks and SIM Cards
Taiwan’s mobile networks are efficient, with excellent 4G coverage and expanding 5G services in urban centres. Major providers include Chunghwa Telecom, Taiwan Mobile, and FarEasTone. Tourists can purchase prepaid SIM cards at airports, convenience stores, and official shops. SIM cards are affordable and offer generous data packages, making them a practical choice for staying connected during your trip. Identification (passport) is required for purchase.
Getting around
🚆 Trains
Taiwan has an excellent rail system, including the high-speed rail (HSR) that runs along the western coast from Taipei to Kaohsiung. The conventional train network connects smaller towns and scenic spots across the island. Tickets can be purchased online, at stations, or via convenience stores. Trains are punctual, clean, and efficient, making them a favourite among travellers.
🚌 Buses
Buses cover both cities and rural areas. Intercity buses are affordable and comfortable, often with air-conditioning and reclining seats. City buses use contactless EasyCards for payment, and routes are well-marked in English. In rural areas, services may be less frequent, so checking schedules in advance is recommended.
🚇 Metro
Taipei and Kaohsiung operate efficient metro systems. The Taipei Metro (MRT) is modern, clean, and easy to navigate, with bilingual signage. Tickets can be bought at machines, or travellers can use EasyCards for convenience. Metros are an excellent way to avoid traffic in the cities.
🚖 Taxis
Taxis are plentiful, metered, and relatively inexpensive compared to Western countries. Drivers may not always speak English, so carrying your destination written in Chinese is helpful. Apps such as Uber and local ride-hailing services are available in major cities.
🚗 Driving
Driving in Taiwan is possible, but visitors must hold an International Driving Permit (IDP) alongside their national licence. Traffic is busy in cities, and scooters dominate the roads, requiring extra caution. Seat belts are mandatory, and drink-driving laws are strict with heavy penalties. Road signs are in both Chinese and English. Hiring a car is best suited for exploring rural areas and mountains, but drivers should be prepared for narrow roads and local driving habits.
🛵 Scooters
Scooters are a popular way to get around, especially in smaller towns. Rentals are available, though some require a local licence. Helmets are mandatory, and traffic conditions can be chaotic, so this option is best for confident riders.
✈️ Domestic Flights
Domestic flights are limited due to the island’s size, but they connect Taipei with offshore islands such as Penghu, Kinmen, and Matsu. These flights are short and relatively inexpensive, providing access to remote destinations.
Health advice
💉 Suggested Vaccines
| Vaccine | Recommendation |
|---|---|
| Hepatitis A | Recommended for most travellers |
| Hepatitis B | Recommended, especially for longer stays |
| Typhoid | Advised for those eating street food or visiting rural areas |
| Japanese Encephalitis | Recommended for extended rural travel or during summer months |
| Rabies | Only for those with prolonged outdoor exposure or animal contact |
| Routine vaccines | Ensure standard immunisations (MMR, tetanus, polio, influenza) are up to date |
🦠 Diseases
Taiwan does not have malaria, but dengue fever is a risk during warmer months, particularly in southern areas. Mosquito bite prevention is key. Seasonal flu circulates, especially in winter, so vaccinations are recommended.
🩺 Potential Health Issues
Travellers may encounter issues such as heat exhaustion in summer, altitude sickness in high mountain regions, and foodborne illnesses from street food if not careful. Tap water is not generally recommended for drinking, though it is safe when boiled or filtered.
🏥 Healthcare Standards
Taiwan’s healthcare system is modern and of a very high standard, with hospitals and clinics offering excellent facilities. English-speaking staff can be found in major hospitals. Pharmacies are widespread and well stocked, though prescriptions may be required for some medicines.
🛡️ Insurance
Travel insurance is highly recommended. Coverage should include medical care, emergency evacuation, and protection against theft or accidents. Healthcare is affordable compared to Western countries, but costs can accumulate quickly without insurance.
Safety
🚨 Crime
Taiwan is one of the safest countries in Asia, with low levels of violent crime. Petty theft such as pickpocketing is rare but can occur in crowded markets or transport hubs. Vigilance is always advised in tourist areas.
🛑 General Safety Issues
Natural disasters such as typhoons and earthquakes are the main risks. Travellers should familiarise themselves with local emergency procedures and keep an eye on weather warnings, especially during summer and autumn.
⚖️ Local Laws
Drug laws are extremely strict, with severe penalties for possession or trafficking. Smoking is banned in many public areas. Littering fines are enforced, and jaywalking may incur penalties. Visitors should carry identification at all times.
☎️ Emergency Numbers
| Service | Number |
|---|---|
| Police | 110 |
| Fire | 119 |
| Ambulance | 119 |
| Tourist Assistance Hotline (English available) | 0800-011-765 |
Climate
🌸 Spring (March–May)
Spring is mild and pleasant, with blooming cherry blossoms and average temperatures of 15–25°C. It is an excellent time for hiking and sightseeing.
☀️ Summer (June–August)
Summers are hot and humid, with temperatures often above 30°C. Typhoons may occur, bringing heavy rain. Light clothing and sun protection are essential.
🍂 Autumn (September–November)
Autumn is considered the best time to visit Taiwan, with cooler weather, clear skies, and temperatures between 20–28°C. Festivals and outdoor activities are plentiful.
❄️ Winter (December–February)
Winters are cool but not harsh, with temperatures averaging 10–18°C. In the mountains, snow can be seen, making it popular for hiking and hot spring visits.
🎒 Packing Tips
Travellers should pack lightweight, breathable clothing for summer and layers for winter. An umbrella is useful year-round due to unpredictable showers. Comfortable shoes are essential for walking and hiking.
🗓️ Best Time to Visit
Autumn (September to November) is the most recommended season, balancing comfortable weather and minimal rainfall. Spring is the second-best option, while summer is best avoided due to heat and typhoons.
📊 Climate Summary Table
| Season | Temperature | Conditions |
|---|---|---|
| Spring | 15–25°C | Mild, cherry blossoms, occasional rain |
| Summer | 25–35°C | Hot, humid, risk of typhoons |
| Autumn | 20–28°C | Pleasant, clear skies, festivals |
| Winter | 10–18°C | Cool, chance of mountain snow |
Visa information
🛂 Visa Types
Taiwan offers different visa categories depending on nationality and purpose of visit. Many countries, including the UK, EU, USA, Canada, Australia, and Japan, enjoy visa-free entry for stays ranging from 30 to 90 days. Longer stays or purposes such as work, study, or residence require specific visas, which should be arranged in advance.
🌐 Useful Links
Official visa information can be found on the Bureau of Consular Affairs (BOCA) website: https://www.boca.gov.tw. This site provides the latest details on requirements, visa-free entry lists, and application procedures.
Electrical
Which power plugs and sockets are used in Ghana?
Ghana uses power outlets and plugs of types D & G. All power sockets in Ghana provide a standard voltage of 230V with a standard frequency of 50Hz.
Type D – Mostly used in India, Pakistan, Nepal, Sri Lanka and a few African countries. No other plug types will fit in a type D socket.
Type G – From British origin, mainly used in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Malta, Malaysia and Singapore, but also in quite a few other countries. No other plug types fit into an outlet of type G.
