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- Capital: Tokyo
- Government System: A constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary government
- Area: Approximately 377,975 square kilometres
- Population: Approximately 125 million people
- Ethnic Groups: The majority of Japan’s population is ethnically Japanese, but the country also includes smaller Indigenous groups such as the Ainu in Hokkaido and the Ryukyuan people in Okinawa
- Languages: Japanese
- Religion: Mostly Shintoism and Buddhism.
Country Overview
Japan is an island nation in East Asia, made up of four main islands – Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu and Shikoku – along with thousands of smaller ones. It has a rich history stretching back thousands of years, blending ancient traditions with remarkable modern development. The country is known for its unique culture, from centuries-old temples, shrines and tea ceremonies to cutting-edge technology, efficient infrastructure and a global reputation for design and innovation. Its capital, Tokyo, is one of the world’s largest and most vibrant cities, while historic centres such as Kyoto and Nara showcase the nation’s deep cultural heritage.
Geographically, Japan is defined by its mountainous terrain, scenic coastlines and frequent seismic activity, being situated on the Pacific “Ring of Fire.” Mount Fuji, an iconic symbol of the nation, rises prominently near Tokyo and is both a cultural landmark and a popular destination for climbers. The climate varies from the snowy winters of Hokkaido in the north to the subtropical warmth of Okinawa in the south, offering diverse experiences throughout the archipelago. This variation has also influenced local cuisine, traditions and ways of life, making each region distinct yet connected by a shared national identity.
Economically, Japan is one of the world’s largest and most developed nations, with industries ranging from automobiles and electronics to robotics and advanced manufacturing. Despite its modernity, the country maintains a strong respect for nature, seasonal festivals and long-standing customs, creating a balance between progress and tradition. Visitors often find Japan to be a place of contrasts – where futuristic skyscrapers stand alongside ancient temples, and high-speed trains glide past quiet rice fields. This blend of old and new, combined with a reputation for safety, cleanliness and hospitality, makes Japan one of the most fascinating destinations in the world.
Prefectures
| Hokkaido | Aomori | Iwate | Miyagi | Akita | Yamagata | Fukushima |
| Ibaraki | Tochigi | Gunma | Saitama | Chiba | Tokyo | Kanagawa |
| Niigata | Toyama | Ishikawa | Fukui | Yamanashi | Nangano | Gifu |
| Shizuoka | Aichi | Mie | Shiga | Kyoto | Osaka | Hyogo |
| Nara | Wakayama | Tottori | Okayama | Hiroshima | Yamaguchi | Tokushima |
| Kagawa | Ehime | Kochi | Fukuoka | Saga | Nagasaki | Kumamoto |
| Oita | Miyazaki | Kagoshima | Okinawa |
USEFUL INFORMATION
Currency & banking
💴 Currency Overview – Japan
Official Currency: Japanese Yen (JPY), symbolised as “¥”.
Coins: ¥1, ¥5, ¥10, ¥50, ¥100, and ¥500.
Banknotes: ¥1,000, ¥2,000 (less common), ¥5,000, and ¥10,000.
💱 Currency Exchange
Currency can be exchanged at:
Banks
Currency exchange offices (often at airports and in major cities)
Hotels (usually with less favourable rates)
ATMs are widespread in cities, towns, and even many convenience stores, and they generally offer competitive exchange rates.
💳 Credit & Debit Cards
Widely accepted in: Hotels, large shops, department stores, and many restaurants in urban areas.
Less common in: Smaller eateries, local markets, and rural regions, where cash is still preferred.
Visa and Mastercard are the most commonly accepted. American Express and JCB are also accepted in many places, particularly in tourist-friendly or international establishments.
Tipping
💴 Tipping in Japan
Tipping in Japan is not a common practice and, in most situations, can actually cause confusion or embarrassment. Unlike many Western countries, where tipping is expected as a way to show appreciation, Japanese hospitality—known as omotenashi—is built on the principle that excellent service should be provided without any additional payment. Attempting to leave a tip may sometimes be refused or politely returned.
In restaurants, cafés, and bars, the bill you receive already includes the full cost of your meal, with no need to add extra. Some higher-end establishments may add a service charge (often around 10–15%), especially in hotels or fine dining restaurants, but this will be clearly indicated on your bill. Taxi drivers, tour guides, and hotel staff also do not generally accept tips, as providing good service is simply considered part of their role.
That said, if you wish to show special appreciation, a small gesture can be made in the form of a neatly presented gift or by placing money inside an envelope (pochibukuro). Even then, it is not expected and should be handled carefully to avoid awkwardness. For most visitors, a polite “arigatou gozaimasu” (thank you very much) is the best and most culturally appropriate way to express gratitude in Japan.
Communications
📶 Communication Advice for Tourists in Italy
Staying connected while travelling in Italy is fairly straightforward, but knowing the best options can save you time, money, and frustration. Whether you plan to rely on public WiFi, your hotel connection, or a local SIM card, it’s worth understanding how each works.
🌐 Public WiFi
Public WiFi is available in many Italian cities, particularly in main squares, transport hubs, and popular tourist spots. Some towns and cities run municipal WiFi networks, but you’ll usually need to register with your passport or ID details. Speeds can vary, and connections are not always reliable, so it’s best for quick browsing, checking maps, or sending messages rather than streaming or handling sensitive information. Always use a VPN if you plan to log in to accounts or handle banking online while on public networks.
🏨 Hotel WiFi
Most hotels, guesthouses, and B&Bs in Italy offer complimentary WiFi, with better quality in larger or more modern establishments. In rural areas or older buildings, the connection may be patchy, particularly in rooms away from the reception area. If internet access is important to you, it’s a good idea to check reviews before booking. Some higher-end hotels may charge for faster connections, while budget accommodation typically provides a free but slower service.
📱 Mobile Networks & SIM Cards
Italy has a well-developed mobile network, and coverage is generally excellent in cities and towns, though it may be weaker in remote countryside or mountainous areas. If you want reliable data on the go, buying a local SIM card can be a good option. Major providers include TIM, Vodafone, WINDTRE, and Iliad.
You’ll need an unlocked phone and identification (usually your passport) to purchase a SIM card. Tourist packages are common, offering prepaid bundles of data, calls, and texts. Prices are competitive, and you can often pick up a SIM directly at airports, train stations, or high-street shops. Alternatively, many travellers choose eSIMs, which can be set up before arrival for convenience.
Japanese toilets
1. Types of Toilets You’ll Encounter
1.1 Western-Style Toilets
- High-Tech Bidet Functions: Many toilets come with an electronic control panel. Common features include a warm-water bidet (often labeled “シャワー” for rear wash and “ビデ” for the frontal wash), seat heating, adjustable water pressure, and sometimes even air drying.
- Automatic Functions: Some toilets automatically raise and lower the seat or flush when you stand up.
- Music or “Otohime” (音姫): Many women’s restrooms, and some men’s, have a small speaker that plays a flushing sound or music to mask embarrassing noises.
1.2 Japanese-Style Squat Toilets
- Traditional Squat Toilets: Although less common than they used to be, you may still encounter these in older train stations, rural areas, or older public facilities.
- How to Use: Face the hooded end and squat low, making sure your feet are on either side of the toilet. It can be tricky for beginners, so hold onto nearby support if available.
Public Baths and Onsens
Japan is famous for its onsens (温泉)—natural hot springs—and sento (銭湯)—public bathhouses. These communal bathing facilities are an integral part of Japanese culture, dating back centuries. Visiting an onsen or sento is a wonderful way to immerse yourself in local customs, relax, and experience traditional Japanese hospitality. However, for first-timers, it can be a bit intimidating, so here’s what you need to know to make the most of your visit.
1. Difference Between Onsen and Sento
Onsen (温泉)
- Natural hot springs: By Japanese law, an onsen source must meet certain mineral composition or temperature criteria.
- Often found in scenic or rural areas, though many can also be found in cities.
- Frequently associated with ryokan (traditional inns) or hot spring resorts.
- Known for their therapeutic benefits due to naturally occurring minerals.
Sento (銭湯)
- Public bathhouses: Typically use heated tap water (not necessarily mineral-rich).
- Common in residential neighborhoods, especially in large cities.
- Historically, many Japanese homes did not have private baths, so locals visited sento frequently.
- Still popular for a quick, affordable soak and community interaction.
2. Bathing Etiquette
Whether you visit an onsen or a sento, etiquette is crucial. Here are the main points:
Remove shoes at the entrance
- If there is a genkan (entryway step), place your shoes in the provided lockers or shelves.
Pay the entrance fee
- At a sento, you’ll typically pay a small fee to the attendant or use a ticket machine.
- At an onsen (often in a ryokan or resort), the fee may be included in your lodging or might be paid at a separate counter.
Separate bathing areas for men and women
- Most traditional facilities have segregated baths. Look for the curtain or sign:
- 男 (otoko) for men, often marked in blue
- 女 (onna) for women, often marked in red
- Mixed-gender baths (konyoku) still exist but are far less common.
- Most traditional facilities have segregated baths. Look for the curtain or sign:
Fully undress in the changing room
- Bathing suits are typically not worn in traditional Japanese baths.
- You’ll receive or can rent a small towel—sometimes two towels: a large one for drying off later and a small “modesty” towel for in and around the bath.
Wash thoroughly before entering the bath
- There will be a row of faucets and small stools. Sit down and wash your entire body (and hair if needed).
- Make sure to rinse away all soap before soaking in the communal bath.
No towels in the bath water
- Place the small towel on your head or on the edge of the bath to keep it from contaminating the water.
Getting around
1. Trains and Subways
Japan Rail (JR) Network
- Coverage: JR operates the majority of long-distance routes and many local lines across Japan.
- JR Pass: A cost-effective option for foreign tourists, offering unlimited travel on most JR trains—including Shinkansen (bullet trains)—for a fixed duration (7, 14, or 21 days).
- Seat Reservations: While many JR trains have non-reserved seating, you can reserve seats for free with the JR Pass. It’s recommended to reserve seats during peak travel seasons (e.g., cherry blossom season, Golden Week, New Year) to ensure availability.
Bullet Trains (Shinkansen)
- Speed and Convenience: Shinkansen lines connect major cities (e.g., Tokyo, Kyoto, Osaka, Hiroshima) quickly and comfortably.
- Booking: Tickets can be purchased at JR ticket counters or automated machines. The JR Pass covers most Shinkansen routes except for the fastest services on certain lines (e.g., Nozomi and Mizuho on the Tokaido and Sanyo lines).
Subways and Local Trains
- Major Cities: Tokyo, Osaka, Kyoto, Nagoya, Sapporo, and other large cities have extensive subway and local train networks.
- IC Cards: Suica, Pasmo, Icoca, and other rechargeable smart cards are valid on most trains, subways, buses, and many convenience stores or vending machines. You simply tap in and out at the ticket gates.
2. Buses
City Buses
- Coverage: Buses supplement areas not served by subways or trains, especially in smaller cities and rural areas.
- Payment: IC cards or exact change (cash) are commonly used. Some bus lines have flat fares; others charge by distance.
Highway and Night Buses
- Long Distance: Highway buses offer an economical alternative to Shinkansen for intercity travel (e.g., Tokyo to Kyoto or Osaka).
- Reservations: Ticket reservation can be done online in advance or at major bus terminals. Overnight buses can be a budget-friendly way to save on accommodation while traveling long distances.
3. Taxis
- Availability: Taxis are widely available in cities and towns.
- Cost: Typically more expensive than public transportation, but convenient for short distances or late-night travel.
- Payment: Most taxis accept cash and IC cards; many also accept credit cards.
- Ride-Hailing Apps: Services like Uber exist, but are not as common as in some other countries. Japan-based apps (e.g., JapanTaxi) are more widely used.
4. Domestic Flights
- When to Consider: If you plan to visit distant regions (e.g., Hokkaido or Okinawa) or have limited time.
- Airlines: Japan Airlines (JAL), All Nippon Airways (ANA), and several low-cost carriers (LCCs) connect major airports across the country.
- Discount Air Passes: Some airlines offer special air pass fares for foreign tourists—often cheaper than individual tickets.
5. Rental Cars
- Driving Considerations: Japan drives on the left-hand side. Highways have tolls; navigation can be in English on most GPS systems.
- When to Rent: Useful for exploring more remote areas (e.g., Hokkaido, Okinawa, certain parts of Kyushu and Shikoku) where trains and buses may be infrequent.
- International Driving Permit (IDP): Required alongside your home country license (unless your country’s license is recognized by treaty).
6. IC Cards: Suica, Pasmo, Icoca, and More
- How They Work: Prepaid smart cards are convenient for train, subway, and bus rides, as well as small purchases in shops.
- Where to Get One: Major train stations, airports, or ticket machines. A refundable deposit is usually required (¥500 for most cards).
- Interchangeability: IC cards are accepted nationwide, regardless of the region of purchase.
Health advice
The US Center For Disease Control maintains an updated list of medical advice for those travelling to Japan
Travelling to Japan can be an exciting experience, but ensuring your health and safety is essential. Below is a comprehensive guide on healthcare advice for visitors to Japan,
Healthcare Advice for Visitors to Japan
1. Before You Go
Vaccinations
- Routine immunizations (MMR, DTaP, polio, etc.) should be up to date.
- The seasonal flu vaccine is recommended if you’re travelling in flu season (typically November to April, though it can vary).
- Japanese encephalitis vaccine may be considered if you plan to travel in rural areas for extended periods, especially during summer months when mosquitoes are prevalent.
Prescription Medications
- If you take prescription medications, bring enough supplies to last your entire trip, plus extra in case of delays.
- Keep medications in original, clearly labelled containers. It is advisable to carry a copy of your prescription and a note from your doctor, especially for controlled substances.
- Some medications that are legal in other countries may be restricted or prohibited in Japan (e.g., certain ADHD medications with stimulants). Check Japan’s official regulations regarding medication importation or consult the Japanese embassy/consulate.
2. In Japan
A. Healthcare System & Medical Facilities
- Japan’s healthcare system is modern and of high quality.
- For emergencies, dial 119 (no coins are needed at payphones). Note that the operator may speak limited English; consider learning a few key phrases or having them written in Japanese.
- In larger cities, there are international clinics and hospitals with English-speaking staff. Smaller towns may have limited English-speaking medical personnel, so keep translation resources (apps, phrasebooks) handy.
B. Paying for Treatment
- Foreign tourists typically pay out-of-pocket if they do not have travel insurance.
- Fees can be high for hospital stays or more complicated procedures. This is why travel health insurance is strongly recommended.
C. Pharmacies (Drugstores)
- Over-the-counter (OTC) medications for common issues (e.g., cold/flu, upset stomach, pain relief) are widely available in pharmacies and large drugstore chains.
- If you have a specific brand you prefer, bring it from home to avoid any confusion or language barriers.
3. Health Risks & Prevention
A. Common Concerns
Heat-Related Illnesses
- Summers in much of Japan are hot and extremely humid (June–September).
- Stay hydrated, use sunscreen, and take breaks in air-conditioned areas to prevent heat exhaustion or heatstroke.
Colds and Seasonal Flu
- Common in cooler months (roughly November–March).
- Practice regular handwashing, carry hand sanitiser, and consider wearing a mask (a common practice in Japan) in crowded places.
Mosquito-Borne Illnesses
- While urban areas typically have fewer mosquito issues, some rural or wooded regions may have more.
- Use insect repellent, especially during the warmer months (spring to autumn).
Food and Water Safety
- Tap water in Japan is safe to drink.
- Restaurants and street food stalls generally maintain high hygiene standards. However, use discretion in very crowded or unfamiliar areas.
Air Quality
- Japan generally has good air quality, though large urban centres can experience occasional higher pollution levels.
- Those with respiratory conditions should monitor local air quality indexes and carry any necessary medication.
B. Natural Disasters
- Japan is prone to earthquakes and typhoons.
- Familiarize yourself with evacuation routes and local procedures in your hotel or lodging (many hotels provide information in multiple languages).
- Download an app or follow local news services for weather and emergency alerts.
Safety
Japan is widely regarded as one of the safest countries in the world for tourists. It boasts a low crime rate, efficient public transportation, and a welcoming culture. However, no destination is entirely without risks. Below is an overview of key safety considerations, tips, and resources to help ensure a worry-free trip.
1. Overall Crime and Personal Safety
- Low Crime Rate: Japan’s crime rate is notably low compared to many other countries. Incidents of violent crime against tourists are rare.
- Pickpocketing & Petty Theft: While uncommon, petty theft can still occur in crowded areas such as train stations, busy tourist hubs, and popular nightlife districts. Keep your valuables secure and be mindful of your belongings in crowded places.
- Scams & Touts: In nightlife areas (e.g., Kabukichō in Shinjuku, Tokyo or certain parts of Roppongi), be cautious about bar or club promotions. Occasionally, establishments overcharge or add hidden fees to visitors’ bills. If something feels off, walk away.
Helpful Tips
- Keep your passport, credit cards, and cash in a secure bag or money belt.
- Stay aware of your surroundings, especially in nightlife areas and busy train stations.
- If you need help, approach a kōban (police box). Officers can provide directions or assistance.
2. Natural Disasters
- Earthquakes: Japan is located in an active seismic zone and experiences frequent earthquakes, though most are minor. Familiarize yourself with basic earthquake safety procedures:
- Identify exits and safe spots in buildings (under sturdy tables or next to walls).
- Follow the instructions of local authorities or hotel staff during an emergency.
- Typhoons (June – October): Typhoon season can bring heavy rain and strong winds to certain regions. Check weather updates regularly, especially if travelling to southern or coastal areas.
- Monitor the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) website or local news.
- Consider travel insurance that covers weather-related disruptions.
3. Transportation Safety
- Public Transportation: Japan’s trains, subways, and buses are known for punctuality, cleanliness, and safety. Keep your voice low on public transport to respect local norms.
- Taxis: Licensed taxis are safe and reliable but can be expensive, especially late at night. Most drivers do not expect tips, as tipping is not customary in Japan.
- Ride-Sharing Services: Certain international ride-hailing apps operate in Japan, though availability may be limited outside major cities. Official taxis remain the most common choice.
- Driving: If you plan to drive, you’ll need an International Driving Permit (IDP). Roads and highways are well-maintained, but driving in large cities can be complex due to traffic and unfamiliar signs.
4. Health and Medical Preparedness
- Healthcare Quality: Japan boasts a high standard of medical care. Most major cities have English-speaking clinics or hospitals.
- Travel Insurance: Comprehensive travel insurance covering illness, injury, and potential cancellations is recommended. Medical costs can be high without coverage.
- Medications: Certain over-the-counter and prescription drugs available abroad may be restricted in Japan. Check official guidelines before bringing any medication, and carry documentation if necessary.
- Sanitation & Food Safety: Tap water is safe to drink, and food hygiene standards are high. Use standard food safety precautions if trying street food.
5. Cultural Considerations and Etiquette
- Respectful Behavior: Punctuality and politeness go a long way. Bowing is a common gesture of respect, though many Japanese are used to greeting foreigners with handshakes.
- Public Decorum: Loud phone conversations, eating while walking, or smoking in non-designated areas can be frowned upon.
- Shoes Off: In traditional accommodations (ryokan) or some restaurants and temples, you’ll be asked to remove your shoes. Look for signs or follow the locals’ lead.
- Trash Disposal: Public trash bins can be scarce. Carry a small bag for your garbage and dispose of it properly when you find a bin.
6. Emergency Information
- Emergency Numbers:
- Police: 110
- Ambulance/Fire: 119
- English Support Hotlines:
- Japan Visitor Hotline (24/7): +81-50-3816-2787
- Tourist Information Centers: Located in major stations and airports, offering travel advice in various languages.
Climate
Japan is a country with four distinct seasons, each offering unique cultural experiences and varying weather conditions. While the “best time to visit” can depend on personal interests—like cherry blossoms, autumn foliage, winter sports, or summer festivals—below is an overview of what each season has to offer.
Spring (March-May)
- Cherry Blossoms (Sakura): One of the most iconic images of Japan is the blooming of cherry trees. In many parts of Honshu (the main island), cherry blossoms typically peak between late March and early April. In northern areas like Hokkaido, blooms can occur later, sometimes into early May.
- Weather: Mild temperatures, generally comfortable for sightseeing (10–20°C / 50–68°F in many regions).
- Tips:
- Expect large crowds and higher accommodation prices, especially during peak bloom.
- Book hotels and tours far in advance if you plan to visit during Sakura season.
Summer (June–August)
- Weather: Warm to very hot, with high humidity (25–35°C / 77–95°F). Rainy season (tsuyu) typically lasts from early to mid-June to mid-July in central Japan.
- Festivals and Events:
- Many famous festivals (matsuri) occur in summer, such as the Gion Matsuri in Kyoto (July), Tenjin Matsuri in Osaka (July), and Nebuta Matsuri in Aomori (early August).
- Firework displays (hanabi taikai) are popular throughout July and August.
- Tips:
- If you enjoy lively festivals and don’t mind heat and humidity, summer can be great.
- Mountain and coastal regions—like Hokkaido or Okinawa—may offer slightly more comfortable weather.
Autumn (September–November)
- Autumn Foliage (Koyo): A highlight for many visitors is the vibrant red and gold leaves. Peak viewing times vary by region, typically from late October to early December.
- Weather: Cooler, generally clear skies (15–25°C / 59–77°F in early fall). Typhoon season can affect southern and coastal regions in September.
- Tips:
- Like spring, autumn is a popular season with crowds flocking to scenic spots (Kyoto, Nikko, etc.).
- Reserve accommodations in advance if visiting during foliage peaks.
Winter (December–February)
- Snow Activities: Northern Japan (Hokkaido and Tohoku regions) receives heavy snowfall, making it ideal for skiing and snowboarding. Resorts like Niseko (Hokkaido) are world-famous for powder snow.
- Festivals: The Sapporo Snow Festival (early February) draws international visitors with its massive ice sculptures and winter activities.
- Weather: Cold temperatures, especially in the north. Central and southern Japan can be milder but still chilly (0–10°C / 32–50°F in many places).
- Tips:
- If winter sports are your priority, aim for January–February for the best powder conditions.
- Crowds are smaller at most tourist sites (except ski resorts and holiday weeks), and you may find cheaper off-season hotel rates in cities.
Deciding What’s Best for You
Cherry Blossoms (Late March–Early April)
- Pros: Iconic seasonal experience, pleasant weather.
- Cons: Very crowded; need early bookings.
Autumn Foliage (Late October–November)
- Pros: Stunning landscapes, comfortable weather.
- Cons: Peak tourist season in popular spots.
Summer (June–August)
- Pros: Vibrant festivals, fireworks, beach and mountain escapes.
- Cons: Hot and humid weather; rainy season in June–July; potential typhoons in late summer.
Winter (December–February)
- Pros: World-class skiing/snowboarding, lower city crowds, winter illuminations and festivals.
- Cons: Cold weather in many parts, but typically fewer travellers (except ski areas).
Visa information
1. Visa Exemptions (Short-Term Stays)
Japan maintains “visa exemption arrangements” with many countries, allowing passport holders from those countries to enter Japan as temporary visitors for tourism or business (such as meetings) without a visa. The length of the visa exemption period varies depending on your nationality, typically 15, 30, or 90 days.
Examples of countries/regions with visa exemptions for stays of up to 90 days include (but are not limited to):
- United States
- Canada
- Australia
- New Zealand
- Most European Union member countries
- United Kingdom
- Singapore
- South Korea
If you are from one of these countries (or another visa-exempt country), you usually only need:
- A valid passport (must be valid for the entire duration of your stay).
- A return or onward ticket (or proof of onward travel).
- Sufficient funds for your stay.
- Confirmation of accommodation (e.g., hotel booking, invitation from a friend/family).
At passport control, you may be asked to show proof of onward travel and accommodation. Ensure you have this information ready, either on paper or easily accessible on a device.
2. Nationalities Requiring a Tourist Visa
If you are not from a visa-exempt country, you must obtain a tourist visa (known as a Temporary Visitor Visa) in advance before traveling to Japan. Common requirements include:
Visa Application Form
- The form can be downloaded from the official website of the Japanese embassy/consulate in your country.
Valid Passport
- Ensure your passport is valid for the duration of your stay and ideally for several months beyond that.
Recent Passport-Style Photo
- Usually taken within the last 6 months.
Flight Itinerary
- Round-trip or onward flight reservations. Some embassies allow you to submit a flight reservation (not necessarily a purchased ticket) depending on local procedures.
Accommodation Details
- Hotel reservations or a letter of invitation from a sponsor in Japan (if staying with friends/family).
Proof of Sufficient Funds
- Bank statements, pay stubs, or a letter of employment to show you can cover travel expenses.
Travel Itinerary
- A concise, day-by-day plan of your intended activities and places to visit (some embassies require this).
Visa Application Fee
- The fee varies by country; check with your local Japanese embassy/consulate.
Processing times can range from a few days to a few weeks depending on your local consulate. Applying well in advance of your trip is recommended.
Electrical
Which power plugs and sockets are used in Japan?
Japan uses power outlets and plugs of types A & B.
All power sockets in Japan provide a standard voltage of 100V with a standard frequency of 50Hz & 60Hz.
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